Release 2.0.25 (#261)

* feat: recode command invocation source system

* feat: remove obsolete audience listener on Velocity

* fix: invalid console action bar sending when uuid is null

* feat: microoptimize InvocationSource#isPlayer

* build: recode and restructure dependency management

* build(bungee,bukkit): downgrade to adventure-platform 4.3.2

* build(all): minimize JAR (excluding api)

* build: fix minimizing breaking kyori adventure

* style: mark some api functions as internal as they would require relocating when used

* build(bukkit): mark as folia supported

* build: recode `build-sonar` task

* fix: remove unused/outdated files

* chore: I think I was dead when writing this

* build(deps): load minimessage and serializer-gson using libby

* refactor: remove some duplicate/unnecessary code

.github/CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ joining the [Discord](https://jonesdev.xyz/discord).
 2. Follow the coding guidelines for your code.
 3. Test your code before committing and pushing it.
 4. Use [semantic](https://gist.github.com/joshbuchea/6f47e86d2510bce28f8e7f42ae84c716) commit messages for your commits.
-5. Create a feature branch or push to the `dev` branch.
 
 ## Coding Guidelines:
 

.gitignore

@@ -30,6 +30,5 @@ gradlew*
 *.jpg
 *.jpeg
 *.log
-*.yml
 *.svg
 *.txt

build.gradle.kts

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ buildscript {
 
 plugins {
   id("java")
-  id("com.github.johnrengelman.shadow") version "8.1.1"
+  id("io.github.goooler.shadow") version "8.1.7"
   id("io.toolebox.git-versioner") version "1.6.7"
 }
 
@@ -26,90 +26,70 @@ allprojects {
   }
 
   apply(plugin = "java")
-  apply(plugin = "com.github.johnrengelman.shadow")
+  apply(plugin = "io.github.goooler.shadow")
 
   dependencies {
-    compileOnly("org.projectlombok:lombok:1.18.30")
-    annotationProcessor("org.projectlombok:lombok:1.18.30")
+    compileOnly("org.projectlombok:lombok:1.18.32")
+    annotationProcessor("org.projectlombok:lombok:1.18.32")
 
-    testCompileOnly("org.projectlombok:lombok:1.18.30")
-    testAnnotationProcessor("org.projectlombok:lombok:1.18.30")
-
-    val adventureVersion = "4.15.0"
+    testCompileOnly("org.projectlombok:lombok:1.18.32")
+    testAnnotationProcessor("org.projectlombok:lombok:1.18.32")
 
     // adventure
-    implementation("net.kyori:adventure-text-minimessage:$adventureVersion")
-    implementation("net.kyori:adventure-text-serializer-gson:$adventureVersion")
-    // adventure nbt
-    implementation("net.kyori:adventure-nbt:$adventureVersion")
+    compileOnly("net.kyori:adventure-text-minimessage:4.16.0")
+    compileOnly("net.kyori:adventure-text-serializer-gson:4.16.0")
 
     compileOnly("com.j256.ormlite:ormlite-jdbc:6.1") // ORMLite
     compileOnly("com.github.ben-manes.caffeine:caffeine:3.1.8") // caching
-    compileOnly("io.netty:netty-all:4.1.106.Final") // netty
+    compileOnly("io.netty:netty-all:4.1.108.Final") // netty
 
     // Library/dependency loading
     compileOnly("com.alessiodp.libby:libby-core:2.0.0-SNAPSHOT")
   }
-}
 
-dependencies {
-  sequenceOf("api", "bukkit", "bungee", "common", "velocity").forEach {
-    // We want the jar to actually contain our modules
-    implementation(project(":$it"))
+  tasks {
+    shadowJar {
+      // Set the file name of the shadowed jar
+      archiveFileName.set("${rootProject.name}-${project.name.replaceFirstChar { it.uppercase() }}.jar")
+
+      // Remove file timestamps
+      isPreserveFileTimestamps = false
+
+      // Relocate libraries
+      relocate("org.bstats", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.bstats")
+      relocate("com.alessiodp.libby", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.libby")
+      relocate("com.simpleyaml", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.yaml")
+      relocate("com.google.gson", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.gson")
+      relocate("com.j256.ormlite", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.ormlite")
+      relocate("com.github.benmanes.caffeine", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.caffeine")
+      relocate("com.mysql", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.mysql")
+      relocate("org.mariadb", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.mariadb")
+      relocate("xyz.jonesdev.capja", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.capja")
+
+      // Exclude unnecessary metadata information
+      exclude("META-INF/*/**")
+    }
+
+    compileJava {
+      options.encoding = "UTF-8"
+    }
+
+    jar {
+      manifest {
+        // Set the implementation version, so we can create exact version
+        // information in-game and make it accessible to the user.
+        attributes["Implementation-Version"] = rootProject.version
+        attributes["Implementation-Vendor"] = "Jones Development, Sonar Contributors"
+      }
+    }
   }
 }
 
 tasks {
-  jar {
-    manifest {
-      // Set the implementation version, so we can create exact version
-      // information in-game and make it accessible to the user.
-      attributes["Implementation-Version"] = version
-      attributes["Implementation-Vendor"] = "Jones Development, Sonar Contributors"
-    }
-  }
-
-  shadowJar {
-    // Set the file name of the shadowed jar
-    archiveFileName.set("${rootProject.name}.jar")
-
-    // Remove file timestamps
-    isPreserveFileTimestamps = false
-
-    // bStats has to be relocated to the Sonar package otherwise it throws an exception
-    // https://github.com/Bastian/bstats-metrics/blob/master/base/src/main/java/org/bstats/MetricsBase.java#L251
-    relocate("org.bstats", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.bstats")
-
-    // https://github.com/jonesdevelopment/sonar/issues/46
-    // Relocate some packages, so we don't run into issues where we accidentally use Velocity's classes
-    relocate("com.alessiodp.libby", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.libby")
-    relocate("xyz.jonesdev.cappuccino", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.cappuccino")
-    // We have to be careful here, so we don't accidentally break adventure
-    relocate("net.kyori.adventure", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.adventure") {
-      exclude("net.kyori.adventure.text.**")
-      exclude("net.kyori.adventure.audience.Audience")
-      exclude("net.kyori.adventure.title.*")
-    }
-    relocate("net.kyori.examination", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.examination")
-    relocate("net.kyori.option", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.option")
-    // Relocate dynamically loaded libraries
-    relocate("com.simpleyaml", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.yaml")
-    relocate("com.google.code.gson", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.gson")
-    relocate("com.j256.ormlite", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.ormlite")
-    relocate("com.github.benmanes.caffeine", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.caffeine")
-    // We want to load our own Gson dynamically
-    exclude("com/google/gson/**")
-
-    // Exclude unnecessary metadata information
-    exclude("META-INF/versions/**")
-  }
-
-  compileJava {
-    options.encoding = "UTF-8"
-  }
-
   // This is a small wrapper tasks to simplify the building process
   register("build-sonar") {
-    dependsOn(clean, shadowJar)
+    val subprojects = listOf("api", "common", "bukkit", "bungee", "velocity")
+    val buildTasks = subprojects.flatMap { listOf("$it:clean", "$it:shadowJar") }
+    dependsOn(buildTasks)
   }
 }

build.sh

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-# Fix permissions so we are actually able to run our gradle script
-chmod +x gradle*
-# You can also use clean shadowJar if something goes wrong here
-# e.g. "./gradlew clean shadowJar --stacktrace"
-./gradlew build-sonar --stacktrace

gradle.properties

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 group=xyz.jonesdev.sonar
-version=2.0.18
+version=2.0.25
 description=Effective Anti-bot plugin for Velocity, BungeeCord, and Bukkit (1.7-latest)

gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 distributionPath=wrapper/dists
-distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.5-bin.zip
+distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.6-bin.zip
 networkTimeout=10000
 validateDistributionUrl=true
 zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/Sonar.java

@@ -17,11 +17,10 @@
 
 package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api;
 
-import com.alessiodp.libby.LibraryManager;
-import com.google.gson.Gson;
-import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder;
 import net.kyori.adventure.audience.Audience;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.ApiStatus;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.attack.AttackTracker;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.command.subcommand.SubcommandRegistry;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.config.SonarConfiguration;
@@ -29,28 +28,24 @@ import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.controller.VerifiedPlayerController;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.event.SonarEventManager;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.Fallback;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.logger.LoggerWrapper;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.SonarStatistics;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.timer.SystemTimer;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.verbose.Notification;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.verbose.Verbose;
 
 import java.io.File;
 import java.text.DecimalFormat;
-import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.UUID;
 
 public interface Sonar {
   DecimalFormat DECIMAL_FORMAT = new DecimalFormat("#,###.##");
-  String LINE_SEPARATOR = "\n"; // Using System.lineSeparator is broken, for some reason...
-
-  Gson GENERAL_GSON = new GsonBuilder()
-    .disableInnerClassSerialization()
-    .create();
 
   /**
    * Since we want to use Adventure on every server platform,
    * we have to use their platform module to support BungeeCord and Bukkit
    */
-  Map<String, Audience> AUDIENCES = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+  @ApiStatus.Internal
+  @Nullable Audience audience(final @Nullable UUID uniqueId);
 
   /**
    * @return The platform the plugin is being run on
@@ -76,7 +71,7 @@ public interface Sonar {
 
   @NotNull SystemTimer getLaunchTimer();
 
-  @NotNull LibraryManager getLibraryManager();
+  @NotNull SonarStatistics getStatistics();
 
   /**
    * Set a custom verbose handler

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/attack/AttackTracker.java

@@ -23,16 +23,15 @@ import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.config.SonarConfiguration;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.event.impl.AttackDetectedEvent;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.event.impl.AttackMitigatedEvent;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.profiler.JVMProfiler;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Counters;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Statistics;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.timer.SystemTimer;
 
 import java.util.Optional;
 
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.jvm.JVMProcessInformation.*;
+
 @Getter
 @NoArgsConstructor(access = AccessLevel.PRIVATE)
-public final class AttackTracker implements JVMProfiler {
+public final class AttackTracker {
   public static final AttackTracker INSTANCE = new AttackTracker();
   private @Nullable AttackStatistics currentAttack;
   private int attackThreshold;
@@ -52,7 +51,7 @@ public final class AttackTracker implements JVMProfiler {
   }
 
   public void checkIfUnderAttack() {
-    final long joinsPerSecond = Counters.LOGINS_PER_SECOND.estimatedSize();
+    final long joinsPerSecond = Sonar.get().getStatistics().getLoginsPerSecond();
     final int verifyingPlayers = Sonar.get().getFallback().getConnected().size();
     final int queuedPlayers = Sonar.get().getFallback().getQueue().getQueuedPlayers().size();
     final int minPlayers = Sonar.get().getConfig().getMinPlayersForAttack();
@@ -67,7 +66,7 @@ public final class AttackTracker implements JVMProfiler {
       if (currentAttack == null) {
         currentAttack = new AttackStatistics();
         currentAttack.successfulVerifications = Sonar.get().getVerifiedPlayerController().estimatedSize();
-        currentAttack.failedVerifications = Statistics.FAILED_VERIFICATIONS.get();
+        currentAttack.failedVerifications = Sonar.get().getStatistics().getTotalFailedVerifications();
         Sonar.get().getEventManager().publish(new AttackDetectedEvent());
         Sonar.get().getNotificationHandler().sendAttackNotification();
       } else {
@@ -80,7 +79,7 @@ public final class AttackTracker implements JVMProfiler {
         // Update joins per second peak if necessary
         currentAttack.peakJoinsPerSecond = joinsPerSecond;
       }
-      final long connectionsPerSecond = Counters.CONNECTIONS_PER_SECOND.estimatedSize();
+      final long connectionsPerSecond = Sonar.get().getStatistics().getConnectionsPerSecond();
       if (connectionsPerSecond > currentAttack.peakConnectionsPerSecond) {
         // Update connections per second peak if necessary
         currentAttack.peakConnectionsPerSecond = connectionsPerSecond;
@@ -102,42 +101,44 @@ public final class AttackTracker implements JVMProfiler {
         Sonar.get().getEventManager().publish(new AttackMitigatedEvent(currentAttack));
 
         if (++attackThreshold > Sonar.get().getConfig().getMinAttackThreshold()) {
-          // Save attack statistics
-          final long deltaInMillis = currentAttack.duration.delay();
-          final String peakCPU = Sonar.DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(currentAttack.peakProcessCPUUsage);
-          final String peakMem = formatMemory(currentAttack.peakProcessMemoryUsage);
-          final String peakBPS = Sonar.DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(currentAttack.peakJoinsPerSecond);
-          final String peakCPS = Sonar.DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(currentAttack.peakConnectionsPerSecond);
-          final long minutes = deltaInMillis / (60 * 1000); // Convert milliseconds to minutes
-          final double seconds = (deltaInMillis % (60 * 1000)) / 1000D; // Convert remaining milliseconds to seconds
-          final String formattedDuration = String.format("%d minutes, %.0f seconds", minutes, seconds);
-          final String startTimestamp = String.valueOf(currentAttack.duration.getStart() / 1000L);
-          final String endTimestamp = String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000L);
-          final long blacklisted = Sonar.get().getFallback().getBlacklist().estimatedSize();
-          // Calculate during-attack-statistics using their deltas
-          final long totalVerified = Sonar.get().getVerifiedPlayerController().estimatedSize();
-          final long verified = Math.max(totalVerified - currentAttack.successfulVerifications, 0);
-          final long totalFailed = Statistics.FAILED_VERIFICATIONS.get();
-          final long failed = Math.max(totalFailed - currentAttack.failedVerifications, 0);
-
           // Post webhook to Discord
           Optional.ofNullable(Sonar.get().getConfig().getWebhook().getDiscordWebhook())
-            .ifPresent(webhook -> webhook.post(() -> {
-              final SonarConfiguration.Webhook.Embed config = Sonar.get().getConfig().getWebhook().getEmbed();
-              final String description = config.getDescription()
-                .replace("%start-timestamp%", startTimestamp)
-                .replace("%end-timestamp%", endTimestamp)
-                .replace("%duration%", formattedDuration)
-                .replace("%peak-cpu%", peakCPU)
-                .replace("%peak-memory%", peakMem)
-                .replace("%peak-bps%", peakBPS)
-                .replace("%peak-cps%", peakCPS)
-                .replace("%total-blacklisted%", Sonar.DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(blacklisted))
-                .replace("%total-failed%", Sonar.DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(failed))
-                .replace("%total-success%", Sonar.DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(verified));
-              return new SonarConfiguration.Webhook.Embed(
-                config.getTitle(), config.getTitleUrl(), description, config.getR(), config.getG(), config.getB());
-            }));
+            .ifPresent(webhook -> {
+              // Save attack statistics
+              final long deltaInMillis = currentAttack.duration.delay();
+              final String peakCPU = Sonar.DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(currentAttack.peakProcessCPUUsage);
+              final String peakMem = formatMemory(currentAttack.peakProcessMemoryUsage);
+              final String peakBPS = Sonar.DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(currentAttack.peakJoinsPerSecond);
+              final String peakCPS = Sonar.DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(currentAttack.peakConnectionsPerSecond);
+              final long minutes = deltaInMillis / (60 * 1000); // Convert milliseconds to minutes
+              final double seconds = (deltaInMillis % (60 * 1000)) / 1000D; // Convert remaining milliseconds to seconds
+              final String formattedDuration = String.format("%d minutes, %.0f seconds", minutes, seconds);
+              final String startTimestamp = String.valueOf(currentAttack.duration.getStart() / 1000L);
+              final String endTimestamp = String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000L);
+              final long blacklisted = Sonar.get().getFallback().getBlacklist().estimatedSize();
+              // Calculate during-attack-statistics using their deltas
+              final long totalVerified = Sonar.get().getVerifiedPlayerController().estimatedSize();
+              final long verified = Math.max(totalVerified - currentAttack.successfulVerifications, 0);
+              final long totalFailed = Sonar.get().getStatistics().getTotalFailedVerifications();
+              final long failed = Math.max(totalFailed - currentAttack.failedVerifications, 0);
+
+              webhook.post(() -> {
+                final SonarConfiguration.Webhook.Embed config = Sonar.get().getConfig().getWebhook().getEmbed();
+                final String description = config.getDescription()
+                  .replace("%start-timestamp%", startTimestamp)
+                  .replace("%end-timestamp%", endTimestamp)
+                  .replace("%duration%", formattedDuration)
+                  .replace("%peak-cpu%", peakCPU)
+                  .replace("%peak-memory%", peakMem)
+                  .replace("%peak-bps%", peakBPS)
+                  .replace("%peak-cps%", peakCPS)
+                  .replace("%total-blacklisted%", Sonar.DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(blacklisted))
+                  .replace("%total-failed%", Sonar.DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(failed))
+                  .replace("%total-success%", Sonar.DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(verified));
+                return new SonarConfiguration.Webhook.Embed(
+                  config.getTitle(), config.getTitleUrl(), description, config.getR(), config.getG(), config.getB());
+              });
+            });
         }
 
         // Reset the attack status

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/command/InvocationSource.java

@@ -23,34 +23,38 @@ import net.kyori.adventure.audience.Audience;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.minimessage.MiniMessage;
 
+import java.util.UUID;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
 
 @Getter
 @RequiredArgsConstructor
-public abstract class InvocationSource {
-  private final String name;
+public final class InvocationSource {
+  private final UUID uuid;
   private final Audience audience;
-  private final boolean player;
   private final Predicate<String> permissionFunction;
 
   /**
-   * Sends an empty chat message to the command executor
+   * @return True, if {@link InvocationSource#uuid} is not null
+   * @apiNote This indicates a player as a player will always have a UUID
    */
-  public final void sendMessage() {
-    sendMessage(Component.empty());
+  public boolean isPlayer() {
+    return uuid != null;
   }
 
   /**
    * Sends a message to the command executor
+   *
+   * @apiNote We should probably use cached components...
+   * (See {@link InvocationSource#sendMessage(Component)})
    */
-  public final void sendMessage(final String legacy) {
+  public void sendMessage(final String legacy) {
     sendMessage(MiniMessage.miniMessage().deserialize(legacy));
   }
 
   /**
    * Sends a message to the command executor
    */
-  public final void sendMessage(final Component component) {
+  public void sendMessage(final Component component) {
     audience.sendMessage(component);
   }
 }

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/config/SonarConfiguration.java

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.config;
 
+import com.j256.ormlite.db.DatabaseType;
 import lombok.*;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.minimessage.MiniMessage;
@@ -25,6 +26,8 @@ import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.command.SonarCommand;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.logger.LoggerWrapper;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.ormlite.MariaDbDatabaseTypeAdapter;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.ormlite.MysqlDatabaseTypeAdapter;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.webhook.DiscordWebhook;
 
 import java.io.File;
@@ -41,7 +44,7 @@ import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 public final class SonarConfiguration {
   @Getter
   private final SimpleYamlConfig generalConfig, messagesConfig, webhookConfig;
-  private final File languageFile;
+  private final File languageFile, pluginFolder;
 
   static final LoggerWrapper LOGGER = new LoggerWrapper() {
 
@@ -62,6 +65,7 @@ public final class SonarConfiguration {
   };
 
   public SonarConfiguration(final @NotNull File pluginFolder) {
+    this.pluginFolder = pluginFolder;
     this.messagesConfig = new SimpleYamlConfig(new File(pluginFolder, "messages.yml"));
     this.generalConfig = new SimpleYamlConfig(new File(pluginFolder, "config.yml"));
     this.webhookConfig = new SimpleYamlConfig(new File(pluginFolder, "webhook.yml"));
@@ -105,6 +109,11 @@ public final class SonarConfiguration {
   }
 
   public void load() {
+    // Make sure the plugin folder actually exists before trying to copy files into it
+    if (!pluginFolder.exists() && !pluginFolder.mkdirs()) {
+      throw new IllegalStateException("Could not create plugin folder (insufficient permissions?)");
+    }
+
     // Generate the language file and check what it's set to
     Language preferredLanguage = getPreferredLanguage();
     if (preferredLanguage == Language.SYSTEM) {
@@ -162,26 +171,30 @@ public final class SonarConfiguration {
 
     // Verification
     verification.timing = Verification.Timing.valueOf(generalConfig.getString("verification.timing"));
+
     verification.gravity.enabled = generalConfig.getBoolean("verification.checks.gravity.enabled");
     verification.gravity.checkCollisions = generalConfig.getBoolean("verification.checks.gravity.check-collisions");
+    verification.gravity.captchaOnFail = generalConfig.getBoolean("verification.checks.gravity.captcha-on-fail");
     verification.gravity.maxMovementTicks = clamp(generalConfig.getInt("verification.checks.gravity.max-movement-ticks"), 2, 100);
-    verification.gravity.maxIgnoredTicks = clamp(generalConfig.getInt("verification.checks.gravity.max-ignored-ticks"), 1, 128);
     verification.gravity.gamemode = Verification.Gravity.Gamemode.valueOf(generalConfig.getString("verification.checks.gravity.gamemode"));
 
+    verification.vehicle.timing = Verification.Timing.valueOf(generalConfig.getString("verification.checks.vehicle.timing"));
+
     verification.map.timing = Verification.Timing.valueOf(generalConfig.getString("verification.checks.map-captcha.timing"));
-    verification.map.randomizePositions = generalConfig.getBoolean("verification.checks.map-captcha.random-position");
-    verification.map.distortionsFactorX = clamp(generalConfig.getInt(
-      "verification.checks.map-captcha.distortions-factor-x"), 0, 100) / 100D;
-    verification.map.distortionsFactorY = clamp(generalConfig.getInt(
-      "verification.checks.map-captcha.distortions-factor-y"), 0, 100) / 100D;
-    verification.map.randomLinesAmount = generalConfig.getInt("verification.checks.map-captcha.random-lines");
-    verification.map.randomOvalsAmount = generalConfig.getInt("verification.checks.map-captcha.random-ovals");
-    verification.map.randomizeFontSize = generalConfig.getBoolean("verification.checks.map-captcha.random-font-size");
+    verification.map.flare = generalConfig.getBoolean("verification.checks.map-captcha.effects.flare");
+    verification.map.scratches = generalConfig.getBoolean("verification.checks.map-captcha.effects.scratches");
+    verification.map.ripple = generalConfig.getBoolean("verification.checks.map-captcha.effects.ripple");
+    verification.map.smear = generalConfig.getBoolean("verification.checks.map-captcha.effects.smear");
+    verification.map.pinch = generalConfig.getBoolean("verification.checks.map-captcha.effects.pinch");
+    verification.map.saturation = (float) generalConfig.getYaml().getDouble(
+      "verification.checks.map-captcha.effects.saturation", 0.3);
+    verification.map.distortion = (float) generalConfig.getYaml().getDouble(
+      "verification.checks.map-captcha.effects.distortion", 2);
     verification.map.precomputeAmount = generalConfig.getInt("verification.checks.map-captcha.precompute");
     verification.map.maxDuration = generalConfig.getInt("verification.checks.map-captcha.max-duration");
     verification.map.maxTries = generalConfig.getInt("verification.checks.map-captcha.max-tries");
     verification.map.dictionary = generalConfig.getString("verification.checks.map-captcha.dictionary");
-    verification.map.fonts = generalConfig.getStringList("verification.checks.map-captcha.fonts");
+    verification.map.fonts = generalConfig.getStringList("verification.checks.map-captcha.font-names");
 
     verification.brand.enabled = generalConfig.getBoolean("verification.checks.client-brand.enabled");
     verification.brand.validRegex = Pattern.compile(generalConfig.getString("verification.checks.client-brand.valid-regex"));
@@ -189,7 +202,6 @@ public final class SonarConfiguration {
 
     verification.validNameRegex = Pattern.compile(generalConfig.getString("verification.checks.valid-name-regex"));
     verification.validLocaleRegex = Pattern.compile(generalConfig.getString("verification.checks.valid-locale-regex"));
-    verification.maxPing = clamp(generalConfig.getInt("verification.checks.max-ping"), 500, 30000);
     verification.maxLoginPackets = clamp(generalConfig.getInt("verification.checks.max-login-packets"), 128, 8192);
 
     verification.logConnections = generalConfig.getBoolean("verification.log-connections");
@@ -197,6 +209,7 @@ public final class SonarConfiguration {
     verification.debugXYZPositions = generalConfig.getBoolean("verification.debug-xyz-positions");
     verification.readTimeout = clamp(generalConfig.getInt("verification.read-timeout"), 500, 30000);
     verification.reconnectDelay = clamp(generalConfig.getInt("verification.rejoin-delay"), 0, 100000);
+    verification.rememberTime = clamp(generalConfig.getInt("verification.remember-time"), 0, 86400000);
     verification.blacklistTime = clamp(generalConfig.getInt("verification.blacklist-time"), 0, 86400000);
     verification.blacklistThreshold = clamp(generalConfig.getInt("verification.blacklist-threshold"), 0, 100);
     verification.whitelistedProtocols.clear();
@@ -217,7 +230,8 @@ public final class SonarConfiguration {
 
     webhook.embed.title = webhookConfig.getString(embedPath + "title");
     webhook.embed.titleUrl = webhookConfig.getString(embedPath + "title-url");
-    webhook.embed.description = fromList(webhookConfig.getStringList(embedPath + "description"));
+    webhook.embed.description = formatString(String.join("\n",
+      webhookConfig.getStringList(embedPath + "description")));
     webhook.embed.r = webhookConfig.getInt(embedPath + "color.red");
     webhook.embed.g = webhookConfig.getInt(embedPath + "color.green");
     webhook.embed.b = webhookConfig.getInt(embedPath + "color.blue");
@@ -291,20 +305,16 @@ public final class SonarConfiguration {
     verification.blacklistLog = formatString(messagesConfig.getString("verification.logs.blacklisted"));
     verification.successLog = formatString(messagesConfig.getString("verification.logs.successful"));
 
-    verification.gravity.youAreBeingChecked = deserialize(formatString(messagesConfig.getString("verification.welcome")));
-
     verification.map.enterCode = deserialize(formatString(messagesConfig.getString("verification.captcha.enter-code")));
     verification.map.enterCodeActionBar = formatString(messagesConfig.getString("verification.captcha.action-bar"));
     verification.map.failedCaptcha = deserialize(formatString(messagesConfig.getString("verification.captcha.incorrect")));
     verification.currentlyPreparing = deserialize(fromList(messagesConfig.getStringList("verification.currently-preparing")));
-    verification.tooManyPlayers = deserialize(fromList(messagesConfig.getStringList("verification.too-many-players")));
     verification.tooFastReconnect = deserialize(fromList(messagesConfig.getStringList("verification.too-fast-reconnect")));
     verification.alreadyVerifying = deserialize(fromList(messagesConfig.getStringList("verification.already-verifying")));
     verification.alreadyQueued = deserialize(fromList(messagesConfig.getStringList("verification.already-queued")));
     verification.blacklisted = deserialize(fromList(messagesConfig.getStringList("verification.blacklisted")));
     verification.invalidUsername = deserialize(fromList(messagesConfig.getStringList("verification.invalid-username")));
     verification.protocolBlacklisted = deserialize(fromList(messagesConfig.getStringList("verification.blacklisted-protocol")));
-    verification.alreadyConnected = deserialize(fromList(messagesConfig.getStringList("verification.already-online")));
     verification.verificationSuccess = deserialize(fromList(messagesConfig.getStringList("verification.success")));
     verification.verificationFailed = deserialize(fromList(messagesConfig.getStringList("verification.failed")));
 
@@ -414,23 +424,30 @@ public final class SonarConfiguration {
     private Timing timing;
 
     @Getter
+    @RequiredArgsConstructor
     public enum Timing {
-      ALWAYS, DURING_ATTACK, NEVER
+      ALWAYS("Always"),
+      DURING_ATTACK("During Attack"),
+      NEVER("Never");
+
+      private final String displayName;
     }
 
     private final Map map = new Map();
     private final Gravity gravity = new Gravity();
+    private final Vehicle vehicle = new Vehicle();
     private final Brand brand = new Brand();
 
     @Getter
     public static final class Map {
       private Timing timing;
-      private boolean randomizePositions;
-      private boolean randomizeFontSize;
-      private double distortionsFactorX;
-      private double distortionsFactorY;
-      private int randomLinesAmount;
-      private int randomOvalsAmount;
+      private boolean flare;
+      private boolean scratches;
+      private boolean ripple;
+      private boolean smear;
+      private boolean pinch;
+      private float saturation;
+      private float distortion;
       private int precomputeAmount;
       private int maxDuration;
       private int maxTries;
@@ -445,10 +462,9 @@ public final class SonarConfiguration {
     public static final class Gravity {
       private boolean enabled;
       private boolean checkCollisions;
+      private boolean captchaOnFail;
       private Gamemode gamemode;
       private int maxMovementTicks;
-      private int maxIgnoredTicks;
-      private Component youAreBeingChecked;
 
       @Getter
       @RequiredArgsConstructor
@@ -463,6 +479,11 @@ public final class SonarConfiguration {
       }
     }
 
+    @Getter
+    public static final class Vehicle {
+      private Timing timing;
+    }
+
     @Getter
     public static final class Brand {
       private boolean enabled;
@@ -481,18 +502,16 @@ public final class SonarConfiguration {
     private String blacklistLog;
 
     private int maxLoginPackets;
-    private int maxPing;
     private int readTimeout;
     private int reconnectDelay;
+    private int rememberTime;
     private int blacklistTime;
     private int blacklistThreshold;
     private final Collection<Integer> whitelistedProtocols = new HashSet<>(0);
     private final Collection<Integer> blacklistedProtocols = new HashSet<>(0);
 
-    private Component tooManyPlayers;
     private Component tooFastReconnect;
     private Component invalidUsername;
-    private Component alreadyConnected;
     private Component verificationSuccess;
     private Component verificationFailed;
     private Component alreadyVerifying;
@@ -557,10 +576,12 @@ public final class SonarConfiguration {
     @Getter
     @RequiredArgsConstructor
     public enum Type {
-      MYSQL("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.NonRegisteringDriver"),
-      NONE(null);
+      MYSQL("jdbc:mysql://%s:%d/%s", new MysqlDatabaseTypeAdapter()),
+      MARIADB("jdbc:mariadb://%s:%d/%s", new MariaDbDatabaseTypeAdapter()),
+      NONE(null, null);
 
-      private final String driverClassName;
+      private final String connectionString;
+      private final DatabaseType databaseType;
     }
 
     private Type type;

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/controller/VerifiedPlayerController.java

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.controller;
 
 import com.j256.ormlite.dao.Dao;
 import com.j256.ormlite.dao.DaoManager;
-import com.j256.ormlite.jdbc.JdbcSingleConnectionSource;
+import com.j256.ormlite.jdbc.JdbcPooledConnectionSource;
 import com.j256.ormlite.stmt.QueryBuilder;
 import com.j256.ormlite.support.ConnectionSource;
 import com.j256.ormlite.table.TableUtils;
@@ -27,14 +27,15 @@ import lombok.Getter;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Range;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Unmodifiable;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.config.SonarConfiguration;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.logger.LoggerWrapper;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.model.VerifiedPlayer;
 
-import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
-import java.sql.*;
+import java.sql.SQLException;
+import java.sql.Timestamp;
 import java.time.Instant;
 import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
 import java.util.*;
@@ -43,7 +44,6 @@ import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 
 public final class VerifiedPlayerController {
-  private static final Map<String, Collection<UUID>> MAP = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
   private static final ExecutorService DB_UPDATE_SERVICE = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
 
   private static final LoggerWrapper LOGGER = new LoggerWrapper() {
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ public final class VerifiedPlayerController {
     }
   };
 
+  private final Map<String, Collection<UUID>> cache = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(128);
   private @Nullable ConnectionSource connectionSource;
   private Dao<VerifiedPlayer, Integer> dao;
   private QueryBuilder<VerifiedPlayer, Integer> queryBuilder;
@@ -71,8 +72,9 @@ public final class VerifiedPlayerController {
   private final @NotNull SonarConfiguration.Database.Type cachedDatabaseType;
 
   public VerifiedPlayerController() {
+    final SonarConfiguration.Database database = Sonar.get().getConfig().getDatabase();
     // Cache selected database type, so we don't need to call Sonar.get() every time
-    cachedDatabaseType = Sonar.get().getConfig().getDatabase().getType();
+    cachedDatabaseType = database.getType();
 
     // Don't establish a database connection if the type is NONE
     if (cachedDatabaseType == SonarConfiguration.Database.Type.NONE) {
@@ -80,8 +82,14 @@ public final class VerifiedPlayerController {
       return;
     }
 
-    try (final ConnectionSource connectionSource = setupDriverAndConnect()) {
-      this.connectionSource = connectionSource;
+    // Initialize MySQL/MariaDB driver
+    database.getType().getDatabaseType().loadDriver();
+
+    try {
+      connectionSource = new JdbcPooledConnectionSource(
+        String.format(database.getType().getConnectionString(),
+          database.getHost(), database.getPort(), database.getName()),
+        database.getUsername(), database.getPassword(), database.getType().getDatabaseType());
 
       // Create table
       try {
@@ -98,83 +106,53 @@ public final class VerifiedPlayerController {
       // Make sure to run the clean task and the caching task in the same thread
       // https://github.com/jonesdevelopment/sonar/issues/150
       DB_UPDATE_SERVICE.execute(() -> {
-        // Make sure to clear all outdated entries first
-        clearOld(Sonar.get().getConfig().getDatabase().getMaximumAge());
-        // Add all entries from the database to the cache
         try {
+          // Make sure to clear all outdated entries first
+          clearOld(database.getMaximumAge());
+          // Add all entries from the database to the cache
           dao.queryForAll().forEach(this::_add);
         } catch (SQLException exception) {
-          LOGGER.error("Could not cache entries: {}", exception);
+          LOGGER.error("Error initializing database: {}", exception);
         }
       });
-    } catch (Throwable throwable) {
-      LOGGER.error("Error setting up database: {}", throwable);
-      throwable.printStackTrace(System.err);
+    } catch (SQLException exception) {
+      LOGGER.error("Error setting up database: {}", exception);
     }
   }
 
   /**
-   * Automatically sets up the database connection using the configured credentials
+   * Closes the connection if instantiated
    */
-  private static @NotNull ConnectionSource setupDriverAndConnect() throws Throwable {
-    final SonarConfiguration.Database database = Sonar.get().getConfig().getDatabase();
-
-    // Prepare the JDBC connection string
-    // TODO: automatically build best connection string for database type
-    final String jdbcURL = String.format("jdbc:%s://%s:%d/%s",
-      database.getType().name().toLowerCase(), database.getHost(), database.getPort(), database.getName());
-
-    // Use reflection to uncover the driver class
-    final Class<?> driverClass = Class.forName(database.getType().getDriverClassName());
-
-    // Make sure we send the username and password
-    final Properties credentials = new Properties();
-    credentials.put("user", database.getUsername());
-    credentials.put("password", database.getPassword());
-
-    // Return new JDBC connection instance for our controller to handle
-    return new JdbcSingleConnectionSource(jdbcURL, invoke(jdbcURL, driverClass, credentials));
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Uses reflection to load the database driver from the injected library
-   *
-   * @param connectionString URL of the database
-   * @param driverClass      Class of the database driver
-   * @param credentials      Credentials for the database
-   */
-  private static Connection invoke(final @NotNull String connectionString,
-                                   final @NotNull Class<?> driverClass,
-                                   final @NotNull Properties credentials) throws Throwable {
-    final Object driver = driverClass.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
-    DriverManager.registerDriver((Driver) driver);
-    final Method connect = driverClass.getDeclaredMethod("connect", String.class, Properties.class);
-    connect.setAccessible(true);
-    return (Connection) connect.invoke(driver, connectionString, credentials);
+  public void close() {
+    // The connection source will always be null if the database type is NONE.
+    if (connectionSource != null) {
+      try {
+        // Properly close the connection
+        connectionSource.close();
+      } catch (Exception exception) {
+        LOGGER.error("Error closing database: {}", exception);
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   /**
    * Clear all old entries using the given timestamp.
    */
-  private void clearOld(final @Range(from = 1, to = 365) int maximumAge) {
-    try {
-      final long timestamp = Instant.now()
-        .minus(maximumAge, ChronoUnit.DAYS)
-        .getEpochSecond() * 1000L; // convert to ms
+  private void clearOld(final @Range(from = 1, to = 365) int maximumAge) throws SQLException {
+    final long timestamp = Instant.now()
+      .minus(maximumAge, ChronoUnit.DAYS)
+      .getEpochSecond() * 1000L; // convert to ms
 
-      final List<VerifiedPlayer> oldEntries = queryBuilder.where()
-        .lt("timestamp", new Timestamp(timestamp))
-        .query();
+    final List<VerifiedPlayer> oldEntries = queryBuilder.where()
+      .lt("timestamp", new Timestamp(timestamp))
+      .query();
 
-      if (oldEntries != null) {
-        for (final VerifiedPlayer player : oldEntries) {
-          dao.delete(player);
-        }
-        LOGGER.info("Removed {} database entries older than {} days.",
-          oldEntries.size(), maximumAge);
+    if (oldEntries != null) {
+      for (final VerifiedPlayer player : oldEntries) {
+        dao.delete(player);
       }
-    } catch (SQLException exception) {
-      LOGGER.error("Error trying to clear old entries: {}", exception);
+      LOGGER.info("Removed {} database entries older than {} days.",
+        oldEntries.size(), maximumAge);
     }
   }
 
@@ -221,7 +199,7 @@ public final class VerifiedPlayerController {
    * @param inetAddress IP address of the player
    */
   private void _remove(final @NotNull String inetAddress) {
-    MAP.remove(inetAddress);
+    cache.remove(inetAddress);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -259,24 +237,30 @@ public final class VerifiedPlayerController {
    * @param player VerifiedPlayer model
    */
   private void _add(final @NotNull VerifiedPlayer player) {
-    MAP.computeIfAbsent(player.getInetAddress(), v -> new Vector<>())
+    cache.computeIfAbsent(player.getInetAddress(), v -> new ArrayList<>())
       .add(player.getPlayerUUID());
   }
 
   /**
+   * Returns the amount of verified IP addresses
+   *
    * @return Estimated size of the local cache
    */
   public synchronized int estimatedSize() {
-    return MAP.values().stream()
-      .mapToInt(Collection::size)
-      .sum();
+    /*
+     * TODO: Work on this
+     * return MAP.values().stream()
+     *   .mapToInt(Collection::size)
+     *   .sum();
+     */
+    return cache.size();
   }
 
   /**
    * @return List of UUIDs associated with one IP address
    */
-  public Collection<UUID> getUUIDs(final @NotNull String inetAddress) {
-    return MAP.getOrDefault(inetAddress, Collections.emptyList());
+  public @Unmodifiable Collection<UUID> getUUIDs(final @NotNull String inetAddress) {
+    return cache.getOrDefault(inetAddress, Collections.emptyList());
   }
 
   /**
@@ -285,7 +269,7 @@ public final class VerifiedPlayerController {
    */
   public void clearAll() {
     try {
-      MAP.clear();
+      cache.clear();
 
       // Only update the column if the database type is not NONE
       if (cachedDatabaseType != SonarConfiguration.Database.Type.NONE) {
@@ -302,7 +286,7 @@ public final class VerifiedPlayerController {
    * @return Whether the local cache contains the IP and UUID
    */
   public boolean has(final @NotNull String inetAddress, final @NotNull UUID uuid) {
-    final Collection<UUID> got = MAP.get(inetAddress);
+    final Collection<UUID> got = cache.get(inetAddress);
     if (got != null) {
       return got.contains(uuid);
     }
@@ -324,7 +308,7 @@ public final class VerifiedPlayerController {
    * @return Whether the local cache contains the IP
    */
   public boolean has(final @NotNull String inetAddress) {
-    return MAP.containsKey(inetAddress);
+    return cache.containsKey(inetAddress);
   }
 
   /**

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/event/impl/UserVerifyFailedEvent.java

@@ -19,23 +19,17 @@ package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.event.impl;
 
 import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
 import lombok.Getter;
+import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
 import lombok.ToString;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.event.SonarEvent;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.FallbackUser;
 
-import java.util.Optional;
-
 @Getter
 @ToString
 @EqualsAndHashCode
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
 public final class UserVerifyFailedEvent implements SonarEvent {
-  private final FallbackUser user;
-  @SuppressWarnings("OptionalUsedAsFieldOrParameterType")
-  private final Optional<String> reason;
-
-  public UserVerifyFailedEvent(final FallbackUser user, final @Nullable String reason) {
-    this.user = user;
-    this.reason = Optional.ofNullable(reason);
-  }
+  private final @NotNull FallbackUser user;
+  private final @NotNull String reason;
 }

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/fallback/Fallback.java

@@ -69,14 +69,18 @@ public final class Fallback {
 
   @SuppressWarnings("BooleanMethodIsAlwaysInverted")
   public boolean shouldVerifyNewPlayers() {
-    return performTimingCheck(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getTiming());
+    return shouldPerform(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getTiming());
   }
 
-  public boolean shouldDoMapCaptcha() {
-    return performTimingCheck(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMap().getTiming());
+  public boolean shouldPerformCaptcha() {
+    return shouldPerform(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMap().getTiming());
   }
 
-  private boolean performTimingCheck(final SonarConfiguration.Verification.Timing timing) {
+  public boolean shouldPerformVehicleCheck() {
+    return shouldPerform(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getVehicle().getTiming());
+  }
+
+  private static boolean shouldPerform(final SonarConfiguration.Verification.Timing timing) {
     return timing == SonarConfiguration.Verification.Timing.ALWAYS
       || (timing == SonarConfiguration.Verification.Timing.DURING_ATTACK
       && Sonar.get().getAttackTracker().isCurrentlyUnderAttack());

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/fallback/FallbackRatelimiter.java

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback;
 
 import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Cache;
 import lombok.AccessLevel;
+import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
 import lombok.Setter;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
@@ -29,7 +30,10 @@ import java.net.InetAddress;
 @NoArgsConstructor(access = AccessLevel.PRIVATE)
 public final class FallbackRatelimiter {
   static final FallbackRatelimiter INSTANCE = new FallbackRatelimiter();
-  private Cache<InetAddress, Byte> expiringCache;
+
+  private Cache<InetAddress, Byte> attemptCache;
+  @Getter
+  private Cache<InetAddress, Integer> failCountCache;
 
   /**
    * We don't want to clean up the cache in the
@@ -37,7 +41,8 @@ public final class FallbackRatelimiter {
    * it would take up too many resources.
    */
   public void cleanUpCache() {
-    expiringCache.cleanUp();
+    attemptCache.cleanUp();
+    failCountCache.cleanUp();
   }
 
   /**
@@ -49,12 +54,27 @@ public final class FallbackRatelimiter {
   @SuppressWarnings("BooleanMethodIsAlwaysInverted")
   public boolean attempt(final @NotNull InetAddress inetAddress) {
     // Cache the IP address if it's not already cached
-    if (!expiringCache.asMap().containsKey(inetAddress)) {
+    if (!attemptCache.asMap().containsKey(inetAddress)) {
       // Cache the IP address
-      expiringCache.put(inetAddress, (byte) 0);
+      attemptCache.put(inetAddress, (byte) 0);
       return true;
     }
     // Deny the connection attempt
     return false;
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Checks if the player is failing verifications too often
+   * Increments the number of times this user has failed the verification
+   *
+   * @param inetAddress IP address of the player
+   * @param count       Count of previously failed verifications
+   */
+  public void incrementFails(final @NotNull InetAddress inetAddress, final int count) {
+    // Make sure to remove the old values from the cache
+    if (count > 0) {
+      failCountCache.invalidate(inetAddress);
+    }
+    failCountCache.put(inetAddress, count + 1);
+  }
 }

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/fallback/FallbackUser.java

@@ -17,22 +17,14 @@
 
 package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback;
 
-import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Cache;
-import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Caffeine;
 import io.netty.channel.Channel;
 import io.netty.util.ReferenceCountUtil;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.ApiStatus;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.event.impl.UserBlacklistedEvent;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.event.impl.UserVerifyFailedEvent;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Statistics;
 
 import java.net.InetAddress;
-import java.time.Duration;
-import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
 public interface FallbackUser {
@@ -42,12 +34,17 @@ public interface FallbackUser {
 
   @NotNull ProtocolVersion getProtocolVersion();
 
+  @NotNull FallbackUserState getState();
+
+  void setState(final FallbackUserState state);
+
   /**
-   * Kicks the player from the server with
-   * the given disconnect message.
+   * Disconnect the player during/after verification
+   * using our custom Disconnect packet.
    *
    * @param reason Disconnect message component
    */
+  @ApiStatus.Internal
   void disconnect(final @NotNull Component reason);
 
   /**
@@ -89,40 +86,6 @@ public interface FallbackUser {
     }
   }
 
-  Cache<InetAddress, Integer> GLOBAL_FAIL_COUNT = Caffeine.newBuilder()
-    .expireAfterWrite(Duration.ofMinutes(5)) // expire after 5 minutes
-    .build();
-
-  /**
-   * Increments the number of times this user (by IP address) has failed the verification
-   */
-  default void incrementFails() {
-    final InetAddress inetAddress = Objects.requireNonNull(getInetAddress());
-    final int failCount = getFailedCount();
-    // Make sure to remove the old values from the cache
-    if (failCount > 0) {
-      GLOBAL_FAIL_COUNT.invalidate(inetAddress);
-    }
-    GLOBAL_FAIL_COUNT.put(inetAddress, failCount + 1);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * @return The number of times this user (by IP address) has failed the verification
-   * @apiNote Returns 0 if no key/value is present in the cache
-   */
-  default int getFailedCount() {
-    // Make sure to clean up the cache before we try to get cached values
-    GLOBAL_FAIL_COUNT.cleanUp();
-    return GLOBAL_FAIL_COUNT.asMap().getOrDefault(Objects.requireNonNull(getInetAddress()), 0);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Removes all previously failed verifications
-   */
-  default void invalidateFails() {
-    GLOBAL_FAIL_COUNT.invalidate(Objects.requireNonNull(getInetAddress()));
-  }
-
   /**
    * Disconnects the player who failed the verification
    * and caches them in FAILED_VERIFICATIONS.
@@ -130,55 +93,8 @@ public interface FallbackUser {
    * the player will be temporarily denied from verifying.
    *
    * @param reason Reason for failing the verification
+   * @apiNote The {@link xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.event.impl.UserVerifyFailedEvent}
+   * will not be thrown if no reason is given
    */
-  default void fail(final @Nullable String reason) {
-    if (getChannel().isActive()) {
-      disconnect(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getVerificationFailed());
-
-      if (reason != null) {
-        // Only log the failed message if the server isn't under attack.
-        // We let the user override this through the configuration.
-        if (!Sonar.get().getAttackTracker().isCurrentlyUnderAttack()
-          || Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().isLogDuringAttack()) {
-          Sonar.get().getFallback().getLogger().info(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getFailedLog()
-            .replace("%ip%", Sonar.get().getConfig().formatAddress(getInetAddress()))
-            .replace("%protocol%", String.valueOf(getProtocolVersion().getProtocol()))
-            .replace("%reason%", reason));
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    Statistics.FAILED_VERIFICATIONS.increment();
-
-    // Call the VerifyFailedEvent for external API usage
-    Sonar.get().getEventManager().publish(new UserVerifyFailedEvent(this, reason));
-
-    // Use a label, so we can easily add more code beneath this method
-    blacklist: {
-      // Check if the player has too many failed attempts
-      final int blacklistThreshold = Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getBlacklistThreshold();
-      // The user is allowed to disable the blacklist entirely by setting the threshold to 0
-      if (blacklistThreshold <= 0) break blacklist;
-
-      // Add 1 to the amount of fails since we haven't updated the cached entries yet (for performance)
-      final int failCount = getFailedCount() + 1;
-      // Now we simply need to check if the threshold is reached
-      if (failCount >= blacklistThreshold) {
-        // Call the BotBlacklistedEvent for external API usage
-        Sonar.get().getEventManager().publish(new UserBlacklistedEvent(this));
-
-        Sonar.get().getFallback().getBlacklist().put(getInetAddress(), (byte) 0);
-        Sonar.get().getFallback().getLogger().info(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getBlacklistLog()
-          .replace("%ip%", Sonar.get().getConfig().formatAddress(getInetAddress()))
-          .replace("%protocol%", String.valueOf(getProtocolVersion().getProtocol())));
-
-        // Invalidate the cached entry to ensure memory safety
-        invalidateFails();
-        break blacklist;
-      }
-
-      // Make sure we increment the number of fails
-      incrementFails();
-    }
-  }
+  void fail(final @NotNull String reason);
 }

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/fallback/FallbackUserState.java

@@ -15,16 +15,27 @@
  * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
-package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.map;
+package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback;
 
-import lombok.Getter;
-import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+public enum FallbackUserState {
+  // 1.20.2 configuration state
+  LOGIN_ACK, CONFIGURE,
+  // pre-JOIN ping check
+  KEEP_ALIVE,
+  // post-JOIN checks
+  CLIENT_SETTINGS, PLUGIN_MESSAGE, TRANSACTION,
+  // PLAY checks
+  TELEPORT, POSITION,
+  // Vehicle check
+  VEHICLE,
+  // CAPTCHA
+  CAPTCHA,
+  // Done
+  SUCCESS,
+  // Placeholder
+  FAILED;
 
-@Getter
-@RequiredArgsConstructor
-public final class MapInfo {
-  private final String answer;
-  private final int columns, rows;
-  private final int x, y;
-  private final byte[] buffer;
+  public boolean canReceivePackets() {
+    return this != FAILED && this != SUCCESS;
+  }
 }

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/fallback/protocol/ProtocolVersion.java

@@ -20,13 +20,15 @@ package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol;
 import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
 
-import java.util.*;
+import java.util.EnumSet;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
 
 @Getter
 @RequiredArgsConstructor
 public enum ProtocolVersion {
   UNKNOWN(-1),
-  LEGACY(-2),
   MINECRAFT_1_7_2(4),
   MINECRAFT_1_7_6(5),
   MINECRAFT_1_8(47),
@@ -70,10 +72,8 @@ public enum ProtocolVersion {
 
   private final int protocol;
 
-  public static final ProtocolVersion MINIMUM_VERSION = MINECRAFT_1_7_2;
   public static final ProtocolVersion LATEST_VERSION;
   public static final Map<Integer, ProtocolVersion> ID_TO_PROTOCOL_CONSTANT;
-  public static final Set<ProtocolVersion> SUPPORTED_VERSIONS;
 
   static {
     {
@@ -90,12 +90,11 @@ public enum ProtocolVersion {
       final Set<ProtocolVersion> versions = EnumSet.noneOf(ProtocolVersion.class);
 
       for (final ProtocolVersion value : values()) {
-        if (!value.isUnknown() && !value.isLegacy()) {
+        if (!value.isUnknown()) {
           versions.add(value);
         }
       }
 
-      SUPPORTED_VERSIONS = Collections.unmodifiableSet(versions);
       LATEST_VERSION = (ProtocolVersion) versions.toArray()[versions.size() - 1];
     }
   }
@@ -111,9 +110,4 @@ public enum ProtocolVersion {
   public boolean isUnknown() {
     return this == UNKNOWN;
   }
-
-  @SuppressWarnings("BooleanMethodIsAlwaysInverted")
-  public boolean isLegacy() {
-    return this == LEGACY;
-  }
 }

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/jvm/JVMProcessInformation.java

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.jvm;
+
+import com.sun.management.OperatingSystemMXBean;
+import lombok.experimental.UtilityClass;
+
+import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
+
+@UtilityClass
+public class JVMProcessInformation {
+  private final Runtime RUNTIME = Runtime.getRuntime();
+  private final OperatingSystemMXBean MX = (OperatingSystemMXBean) ManagementFactory.getOperatingSystemMXBean();
+  private final char[] MEMORY_UNITS = {'K', 'M', 'G', 'T', 'P', 'E'};
+
+  public String formatMemory(final long size) {
+    if (size < 1024L) {
+      return size + " B";
+    }
+    // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3758606/how-can-i-convert-byte-size-into-a-human-readable-format-in-java
+    final int group = (63 - Long.numberOfLeadingZeros(size)) / 10;
+    final double formattedSize = (double) size / (1L << (group * 10));
+    final char unit = MEMORY_UNITS[group - 1];
+    // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte#Multiple-byte_units
+    return String.format("%.1f %siB", formattedSize, unit);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return Number of available processors for the JVM
+   */
+  public int getVirtualCores() {
+    return RUNTIME.availableProcessors();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return Current process CPU usage in percent
+   */
+  public double getProcessCPUUsage() {
+    return MX.getProcessCpuLoad() * 100;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return Current per-core process CPU usage in percent
+   */
+  public double getAverageProcessCPUUsage() {
+    return getProcessCPUUsage() / getVirtualCores();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return Current system CPU usage in percent
+   */
+  public double getSystemCPUUsage() {
+    return MX.getSystemCpuLoad() * 100;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return Current per-core system CPU usage in percent
+   */
+  public double getAverageSystemCPUUsage() {
+    return getSystemCPUUsage() / getVirtualCores();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return Current system load average in percent
+   * @apiNote This returns the global process load, not the CPU usage
+   */
+  public double getSystemLoadAverage() {
+    return MX.getSystemLoadAverage() * 100;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return Memory (in bytes) the JVM will attempt to use
+   */
+  public long getMaxMemory() {
+    return RUNTIME.maxMemory();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return Memory (in bytes) available to the host machine
+   */
+  public long getTotalMemory() {
+    return RUNTIME.totalMemory();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return Memory (in bytes) the JVM can allocate
+   */
+  public long getFreeMemory() {
+    return RUNTIME.freeMemory();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return Memory (in bytes) the JVM is using
+   */
+  public long getUsedMemory() {
+    return getTotalMemory() - getFreeMemory();
+  }
+}

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/ormlite/MariaDbDatabaseTypeAdapter.java

@@ -15,18 +15,20 @@
  * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
-package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.velocity.command;
+package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.ormlite;
 
-import com.velocitypowered.api.command.CommandSource;
-import com.velocitypowered.api.proxy.Player;
+import com.j256.ormlite.jdbc.db.MariaDbDatabaseType;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.command.InvocationSource;
 
-public final class VelocityInvocationSource extends InvocationSource {
-  public VelocityInvocationSource(final @NotNull CommandSource sender) {
-    super(sender instanceof Player ? ((Player) sender).getUsername() : "Console",
-      sender,
-      sender instanceof Player,
-      sender::hasPermission);
+public final class MariaDbDatabaseTypeAdapter extends MariaDbDatabaseType {
+
+  /**
+   * We need to override the default driver class name
+   * in order to use the custom relocated MariaDB driver
+   * Read more: {@link MysqlDatabaseTypeAdapter}
+   */
+  @Override
+  protected String @NotNull [] getDriverClassNames() {
+    return new String[]{"xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.mariadb.jdbc.Driver"};
   }
 }

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/ormlite/MysqlDatabaseTypeAdapter.java

@@ -15,19 +15,20 @@
  * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
-package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bukkit.command;
+package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.ormlite;
 
-import org.bukkit.command.CommandSender;
-import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import com.j256.ormlite.jdbc.db.MysqlDatabaseType;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.command.InvocationSource;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bukkit.SonarBukkit;
 
-public final class BukkitInvocationSource extends InvocationSource {
-  public BukkitInvocationSource(final @NotNull CommandSender sender) {
-    super(sender.getName(),
-      SonarBukkit.INSTANCE.getBukkitAudiences().sender(sender),
-      sender instanceof Player,
-      sender::hasPermission);
+public final class MysqlDatabaseTypeAdapter extends MysqlDatabaseType {
+
+  /**
+   * We need to override the default driver class name
+   * in order to use the custom relocated MySQL driver
+   * Read more: {@link MariaDbDatabaseTypeAdapter}
+   */
+  @Override
+  protected String @NotNull [] getDriverClassNames() {
+    return new String[]{"xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"};
   }
 }

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/profiler/JVMProfiler.java

@@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.profiler;
-
-import com.sun.management.OperatingSystemMXBean;
-
-import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
-import java.lang.management.RuntimeMXBean;
-
-public interface JVMProfiler {
-  Runtime RUNTIME = Runtime.getRuntime();
-  OperatingSystemMXBean OPERATING_SYSTEM_MX_BEAN = (OperatingSystemMXBean) ManagementFactory.getOperatingSystemMXBean();
-  RuntimeMXBean RUNTIME_MX_BEAN = ManagementFactory.getRuntimeMXBean();
-  char[] MEMORY_UNITS = {'k', 'M', 'G', 'T', 'P', 'E'};
-
-  default String formatMemory(final long size) {
-    if (size < 1024L) {
-      return size + " B";
-    }
-    final int group = (63 - Long.numberOfLeadingZeros(size)) / 10;
-    final double formattedSize = (double) size / (1L << (group * 10));
-    final char unit = MEMORY_UNITS[group - 1];
-    return String.format("%.1f %sB", formattedSize, unit);
-  }
-
-  default int getVirtualCores() {
-    return RUNTIME.availableProcessors();
-  }
-
-  default double getProcessCPUUsage() {
-    return OPERATING_SYSTEM_MX_BEAN.getProcessCpuLoad() * 100;
-  }
-
-  default double getAverageProcessCPUUsage() {
-    return getProcessCPUUsage() / getVirtualCores();
-  }
-
-  default double getSystemCPUUsage() {
-    return OPERATING_SYSTEM_MX_BEAN.getSystemCpuLoad() * 100;
-  }
-
-  default double getAverageSystemCPUUsage() {
-    return getSystemCPUUsage() / getVirtualCores();
-  }
-
-  default double getSystemLoadAverage() {
-    return OPERATING_SYSTEM_MX_BEAN.getSystemLoadAverage() * 100;
-  }
-
-  default long getMaxMemory() {
-    return RUNTIME.maxMemory();
-  }
-
-  default long getTotalMemory() {
-    return RUNTIME.totalMemory();
-  }
-
-  default long getFreeMemory() {
-    return RUNTIME.freeMemory();
-  }
-
-  default long getUsedMemory() {
-    return getTotalMemory() - getFreeMemory();
-  }
-}

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/statistics/Counters.java

@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics;
-
-import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Cache;
-import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Caffeine;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.ApiStatus;
-
-import java.time.Duration;
-
-@SuppressWarnings("unused")
-public interface Counters {
-  @ApiStatus.Internal
-  Cache<Long, Byte> LOGINS_PER_SECOND = Caffeine.newBuilder()
-    .expireAfterWrite(Duration.ofSeconds(1))
-    .build();
-
-  @ApiStatus.Internal
-  Cache<Long, Byte> CONNECTIONS_PER_SECOND = Caffeine.newBuilder()
-    .expireAfterWrite(Duration.ofSeconds(1))
-    .build();
-
-  static long getConnectionsPerSecond() {
-    return CONNECTIONS_PER_SECOND.estimatedSize();
-  }
-
-  static long getLoginsPerSecond() {
-    return LOGINS_PER_SECOND.estimatedSize();
-  }
-}

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/statistics/SonarStatistics.java

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics;
+
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.ApiStatus;
+
+public interface SonarStatistics {
+
+  /**
+   * @return Number of connection establishments per second
+   */
+  long getConnectionsPerSecond();
+
+  /**
+   * @return Number of logins per second
+   */
+  long getLoginsPerSecond();
+
+  /**
+   * @return Currently incoming bytes per second
+   */
+  long getCurrentIncomingBandwidth();
+
+  /**
+   * @return Currently outgoing bytes per second
+   */
+  long getCurrentOutgoingBandwidth();
+
+  /**
+   * @return Total incoming bytes per second
+   */
+  long getTotalIncomingBandwidth();
+
+  /**
+   * @return Total outgoing bytes per second
+   */
+  long getTotalOutgoingBandwidth();
+
+  /**
+   * @return Same as {@link SonarStatistics#getCurrentIncomingBandwidth} but formatted
+   */
+  String getCurrentIncomingBandwidthFormatted();
+
+  /**
+   * @return Same as {@link SonarStatistics#getCurrentOutgoingBandwidth} but formatted
+   */
+  String getCurrentOutgoingBandwidthFormatted();
+
+  /**
+   * @return Same as {@link SonarStatistics#getTotalIncomingBandwidth} but formatted
+   */
+  String getTotalIncomingBandwidthFormatted();
+
+  /**
+   * @return Same as {@link SonarStatistics#getTotalOutgoingBandwidth} but formatted
+   */
+  String getTotalOutgoingBandwidthFormatted();
+
+  /**
+   * @return Total number of players who logged into the server
+   */
+  int getTotalPlayersJoined();
+
+  /**
+   * @return Total number of players who tried to verify
+   */
+  int getTotalPlayersVerified();
+
+  /**
+   * @return Total number of players who passed the verification
+   */
+  int getTotalSuccessfulVerifications();
+
+  /**
+   * @return Total number of players who failed the verification
+   */
+  int getTotalFailedVerifications();
+
+  /**
+   * @return Total number of players who passed the verification
+   */
+  long getCurrentAttemptedVerifications();
+
+  /**
+   * @return Total number of players who tried verifying
+   */
+  int getTotalAttemptedVerifications();
+
+  /**
+   * @return Current number of IP addresses that are blacklisted
+   */
+  long getCurrentBlacklistSize();
+
+  /**
+   * @return Total number of cases where an IP was blacklisted
+   * @apiNote This does not describe the current amount of blacklisted IPs
+   */
+  long getTotalBlacklistSize();
+
+  @ApiStatus.Internal
+  void cleanUpCache();
+}

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/statistics/Statistics.java

@@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics;
-
-public enum Statistics {
-  TOTAL_TRAFFIC,
-  REAL_TRAFFIC,
-  FAILED_VERIFICATIONS;
-
-  private int val = -1;
-
-  /**
-   * Increments the current value by 1 with the default value of 0
-   *
-   * @see #get(int)
-   * @see #set(int)
-   */
-  public void increment() {
-    increment(0);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Increments the current value by 1 with a custom default value
-   *
-   * @see #get(int)
-   * @see #set(int)
-   */
-  public void increment(final int def) {
-    set(get(def) + 1);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * @return The current value with the default value of 0
-   * @see #get(int)
-   */
-  public int get() {
-    return get(0);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * @return The current value with a custom default value
-   */
-  public int get(final int def) {
-    return val == -1 ? def : val;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Set current value to a new value
-   */
-  public void set(final int value) {
-    val = value;
-  }
-}

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/timer/SystemTimer.java

@@ -32,14 +32,23 @@ public final class SystemTimer {
     start = System.currentTimeMillis();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * @return Time between the current timestamp and the start timestamp
+   */
   public long delay() {
     return System.currentTimeMillis() - start;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * @apiNote Read more: {@link SystemTimer#delay}, {@link SystemTimer#formattedDelay}
+   */
   public boolean elapsed(final long amount) {
     return delay() >= amount;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * @apiNote Read more: {@link SystemTimer#delay}
+   */
   public @NotNull String formattedDelay() {
     return FORMATTER.format(delay());
   }

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/verbose/Notification.java

@@ -24,25 +24,22 @@ import net.kyori.adventure.text.minimessage.MiniMessage;
 import net.kyori.adventure.title.Title;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Counters;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Statistics;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.SonarStatistics;
 
 import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.UUID;
 import java.util.Vector;
 
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar.DECIMAL_FORMAT;
-import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Bandwidth.INCOMING;
-import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Bandwidth.OUTGOING;
 
 @Getter
-public final class Notification implements Observable, Counters {
-  private final @NotNull Collection<String> subscribers = new Vector<>(0);
+public final class Notification implements Observable {
+  private final @NotNull Collection<UUID> subscribers = new Vector<>(0);
 
   public void sendAttackNotification() {
     // No need to do anything if we have no subscribers
-    if (subscribers.isEmpty()) {
-      return;
-    }
+    if (subscribers.isEmpty()) return;
+    final SonarStatistics statistics = Sonar.get().getStatistics();
     // Prepare the title
     // TODO: Why do custom title times not work?
     //  Title.Times.times(Ticks.duration(5L), Ticks.duration(60L), Ticks.duration(10L));
@@ -52,25 +49,25 @@ public final class Notification implements Observable, Counters {
     // Prepare the chat message
     final Component chat = MiniMessage.miniMessage().deserialize(
       Sonar.get().getConfig().getNotifications().getNotificationChat()
-      .replace("%queued%",
-        DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Sonar.get().getFallback().getQueue().getQueuedPlayers().size()))
-      .replace("%verifying%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Sonar.get().getFallback().getConnected().size()))
-      .replace("%blacklisted%",
-        DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Sonar.get().getFallback().getBlacklist().estimatedSize()))
-      .replace("%total-joins%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Statistics.TOTAL_TRAFFIC.get()))
-      .replace("%logins-per-second%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(LOGINS_PER_SECOND.estimatedSize()))
-      .replace("%connections-per-second%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(CONNECTIONS_PER_SECOND.estimatedSize()))
-      .replace("%verify-total%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Statistics.REAL_TRAFFIC.get()))
-      .replace("%verify-success%",
-        DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Sonar.get().getVerifiedPlayerController().estimatedSize()))
-      .replace("%verify-failed%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Statistics.FAILED_VERIFICATIONS.get()))
-      .replace("%incoming-traffic%", INCOMING.getCachedSecond())
-      .replace("%outgoing-traffic%", OUTGOING.getCachedSecond())
-      .replace("%incoming-traffic-ttl%", INCOMING.getCachedTtl())
-      .replace("%outgoing-traffic-ttl%", OUTGOING.getCachedTtl()));
+        .replace("%queued%",
+          DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Sonar.get().getFallback().getQueue().getQueuedPlayers().size()))
+        .replace("%verifying%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Sonar.get().getFallback().getConnected().size()))
+        .replace("%blacklisted%",
+          DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Sonar.get().getFallback().getBlacklist().estimatedSize()))
+        .replace("%total-joins%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(statistics.getTotalPlayersJoined()))
+        .replace("%logins-per-second%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(statistics.getLoginsPerSecond()))
+        .replace("%connections-per-second%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(statistics.getConnectionsPerSecond()))
+        .replace("%verify-total%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(statistics.getTotalAttemptedVerifications()))
+        .replace("%verify-success%",
+          DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Sonar.get().getVerifiedPlayerController().estimatedSize()))
+        .replace("%verify-failed%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(statistics.getTotalFailedVerifications()))
+        .replace("%incoming-traffic%", statistics.getCurrentIncomingBandwidthFormatted())
+        .replace("%outgoing-traffic%", statistics.getCurrentOutgoingBandwidthFormatted())
+        .replace("%incoming-traffic-ttl%", statistics.getTotalIncomingBandwidthFormatted())
+        .replace("%outgoing-traffic-ttl%", statistics.getTotalOutgoingBandwidthFormatted()));
     // Send the title and chat messages to all online players
-    for (final String subscriber : Sonar.get().getNotificationHandler().getSubscribers()) {
-      final Audience audience = Sonar.AUDIENCES.get(subscriber);
+    for (final UUID subscriber : Sonar.get().getNotificationHandler().getSubscribers()) {
+      final Audience audience = Sonar.get().audience(subscriber);
       if (audience == null) continue;
       audience.showTitle(title);
       audience.sendMessage(chat);

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/verbose/Observable.java

@@ -20,29 +20,30 @@ package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.verbose;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 
 import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.UUID;
 
 public interface Observable {
-  Collection<String> getSubscribers();
+  Collection<UUID> getSubscribers();
 
   /**
-   * @param name Name of the audience
+   * @param uuid UUID of the player
    * @return Whether the audience is subscribed or not
    */
-  default boolean isSubscribed(final @NotNull String name) {
-    return getSubscribers().contains(name);
+  default boolean isSubscribed(final @NotNull UUID uuid) {
+    return getSubscribers().contains(uuid);
   }
 
   /**
-   * @param name Name of the audience to subscribe
+   * @param uuid UUID of the player
    */
-  default void subscribe(final String name) {
-    getSubscribers().add(name);
+  default void subscribe(final UUID uuid) {
+    getSubscribers().add(uuid);
   }
 
   /**
-   * @param name Name of the audience to unsubscribe
+   * @param uuid UUID of the player
    */
-  default void unsubscribe(final String name) {
-    getSubscribers().remove(name);
+  default void unsubscribe(final UUID uuid) {
+    getSubscribers().remove(uuid);
   }
 }

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/verbose/Verbose.java

@@ -22,47 +22,44 @@ import lombok.val;
 import net.kyori.adventure.audience.Audience;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.minimessage.MiniMessage;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.ApiStatus;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.attack.AttackTracker;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.profiler.JVMProfiler;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Counters;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Statistics;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.SonarStatistics;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.timer.SystemTimer;
 
 import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.UUID;
 import java.util.Vector;
 
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar.DECIMAL_FORMAT;
-import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Bandwidth.INCOMING;
-import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Bandwidth.OUTGOING;
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.jvm.JVMProcessInformation.*;
 
 @Getter
-public final class Verbose implements Observable, JVMProfiler, Counters {
-  private final @NotNull Collection<String> subscribers = new Vector<>(0);
+public final class Verbose implements Observable {
+  private final @NotNull Collection<UUID> subscribers = new Vector<>(0);
   private int animationIndex;
 
   // Run action bar verbose
   public void update() {
-    // Clean up all blacklisted IPs
-    Sonar.get().getFallback().getBlacklist().cleanUp();
-    // Clean up all counters
-    LOGINS_PER_SECOND.cleanUp();
-    CONNECTIONS_PER_SECOND.cleanUp();
-
+    // Make sure to clean up the cached statistics
+    Sonar.get().getStatistics().cleanUpCache();
     // Don't prepare component if there are no subscribers
     if (subscribers.isEmpty()) return;
     // Prepare the action bar format component
     final Component component = prepareActionBarFormat();
     // Send the action bar to all online players
-    for (final String subscriber : subscribers) {
-      final Audience audience = Sonar.AUDIENCES.get(subscriber);
+    for (final UUID subscriber : subscribers) {
+      final Audience audience = Sonar.get().audience(subscriber);
       if (audience == null) continue;
       audience.sendActionBar(component);
     }
   }
 
+  @ApiStatus.Internal
   public @NotNull Component prepareActionBarFormat() {
+    final SonarStatistics statistics = Sonar.get().getStatistics();
     final AttackTracker.AttackStatistics attackStatistics = Sonar.get().getAttackTracker().getCurrentAttack();
     final SystemTimer attackDuration = attackStatistics == null ? null : attackStatistics.getDuration();
     return MiniMessage.miniMessage().deserialize((attackDuration != null
@@ -73,18 +70,19 @@ public final class Verbose implements Observable, JVMProfiler, Counters {
       .replace("%verifying%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Sonar.get().getFallback().getConnected().size()))
       .replace("%blacklisted%",
         DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Sonar.get().getFallback().getBlacklist().estimatedSize()))
-      .replace("%total-joins%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Statistics.TOTAL_TRAFFIC.get()))
-      .replace("%logins-per-second%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(LOGINS_PER_SECOND.estimatedSize()))
-      .replace("%connections-per-second%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(CONNECTIONS_PER_SECOND.estimatedSize()))
-      .replace("%verify-total%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Statistics.REAL_TRAFFIC.get()))
+      .replace("%blacklisted%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(statistics.getCurrentBlacklistSize()))
+      .replace("%total-joins%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(statistics.getTotalPlayersJoined()))
+      .replace("%logins-per-second%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(statistics.getLoginsPerSecond()))
+      .replace("%connections-per-second%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(statistics.getConnectionsPerSecond()))
+      .replace("%verify-total%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(statistics.getTotalAttemptedVerifications()))
       .replace("%verify-success%",
         DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Sonar.get().getVerifiedPlayerController().estimatedSize()))
-      .replace("%verify-failed%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Statistics.FAILED_VERIFICATIONS.get()))
+      .replace("%verify-failed%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(statistics.getTotalFailedVerifications()))
       .replace("%attack-duration%", attackDuration == null ? "00:00" : attackDuration.formattedDelay())
-      .replace("%incoming-traffic%", INCOMING.getCachedSecond())
-      .replace("%outgoing-traffic%", OUTGOING.getCachedSecond())
-      .replace("%incoming-traffic-ttl%", INCOMING.getCachedTtl())
-      .replace("%outgoing-traffic-ttl%", OUTGOING.getCachedTtl())
+      .replace("%incoming-traffic%", statistics.getCurrentIncomingBandwidthFormatted())
+      .replace("%outgoing-traffic%", statistics.getCurrentOutgoingBandwidthFormatted())
+      .replace("%incoming-traffic-ttl%", statistics.getTotalIncomingBandwidthFormatted())
+      .replace("%outgoing-traffic-ttl%", statistics.getTotalOutgoingBandwidthFormatted())
       .replace("%used-memory%", formatMemory(getUsedMemory()))
       .replace("%free-memory%", formatMemory(getFreeMemory()))
       .replace("%total-memory%", formatMemory(getTotalMemory()))

sonar-api/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/api/webhook/DiscordWebhook.java

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
 
 package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.webhook;
 
+import com.google.gson.Gson;
+import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder;
 import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
@@ -32,12 +34,18 @@ import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 
+import static java.net.HttpURLConnection.HTTP_NO_CONTENT;
+
 @RequiredArgsConstructor
 public final class DiscordWebhook {
   private final String url;
 
+  private static final Gson GSON = new GsonBuilder().create();
   private static final ExecutorService HTTP_REQUEST_SERVICE = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
 
+  /**
+   * Asynchronously posts a Discord webhook via HTTPS
+   */
   public void post(final Supplier<SonarConfiguration.Webhook.Embed> embed) {
     HTTP_REQUEST_SERVICE.execute(() -> {
       try {
@@ -47,9 +55,12 @@ public final class DiscordWebhook {
         try (final OutputStream outputStream = urlConnection.getOutputStream()) {
           outputStream.write(serializedContent.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
         }
-        // Check if the connection was a success
-        if (urlConnection.getResponseCode() != 204) {
-          throw new IllegalStateException("Unexpected response code " + urlConnection.getResponseCode());
+
+        // Warn the user if the connection might've not been successful
+        // I don't know why Discord doesn't respond with OK, but I guess this should be fine
+        final int code = urlConnection.getResponseCode();
+        if (code != HTTP_NO_CONTENT) {
+          Sonar.get().getLogger().warn("Unexpected Discord webhook response code {}", code);
         }
       } catch (Exception exception) {
         Sonar.get().getLogger().error("Could not send webhook: {}", exception);
@@ -57,7 +68,7 @@ public final class DiscordWebhook {
     });
   }
 
-  private String prepareSerializedContent(final SonarConfiguration.Webhook.@NotNull Embed embed) {
+  private static String prepareSerializedContent(final SonarConfiguration.Webhook.@NotNull Embed embed) {
     final String content = Sonar.get().getConfig().getWebhook().getContent();
     final String username = Sonar.get().getConfig().getWebhook().getUsername();
     final String avatarUrl = Sonar.get().getConfig().getWebhook().getAvatarUrl();
@@ -73,7 +84,7 @@ public final class DiscordWebhook {
     final List<Webhook.EmbedMessage> embeds = Collections.singletonList(embedMessage);
 
     final Webhook webhook = new Webhook(content, username, avatarUrl, false, embeds);
-    return Sonar.GENERAL_GSON.toJson(webhook);
+    return GSON.toJson(webhook);
   }
 
   private @NotNull HttpsURLConnection prepareConnection(final @NotNull URL url,

sonar-bukkit/build.gradle.kts

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ bukkit {
   website = "https://jonesdev.xyz/discord/"
   load = BukkitPluginDescription.PluginLoadOrder.POSTWORLD
   softDepend = listOf("Geyser-Spigot", "floodgate", "Protocolize", "packetevents", "ProtocolLib", "ViaVersion")
+  foliaSupported = true
 
   commands {
     register("sonar") {
@@ -28,11 +29,19 @@ repositories {
 }
 
 dependencies {
-  compileOnly(project(":api"))
-  compileOnly(project(":common"))
+  implementation(project(":api"))
+  implementation(project(":common"))
 
-  // MiniMessage platform support
+  // adventure platform support
   implementation("net.kyori:adventure-platform-bukkit:4.3.2")
+  implementation("net.kyori:adventure-platform-api:4.3.2")
+  implementation("net.kyori:adventure-platform-facet:4.3.2")
+
+  // adventure minimessage
+  compileOnly("net.kyori:adventure-text-minimessage:4.16.0")
+  compileOnly("net.kyori:adventure-text-serializer-gson:4.16.0")
+  // adventure nbt
+  implementation("net.kyori:adventure-nbt:4.16.0")
 
   // We have to use 1.8 for backwards compatibility
   compileOnly("org.spigotmc:spigot-api:1.8.8-R0.1-SNAPSHOT")
@@ -44,5 +53,11 @@ dependencies {
   implementation("com.alessiodp.libby:libby-bukkit:2.0.0-SNAPSHOT")
 }
 
+tasks {
+  shadowJar {
+    relocate("net.kyori", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.kyori")
+  }
+}
+
 java.sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_11
 java.targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_11

sonar-bukkit/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/bukkit/SonarBukkit.java

@@ -19,18 +19,21 @@ package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bukkit;
 
 import com.alessiodp.libby.BukkitLibraryManager;
 import lombok.Getter;
+import net.kyori.adventure.audience.Audience;
 import net.kyori.adventure.platform.bukkit.BukkitAudiences;
 import org.bstats.bukkit.Metrics;
+import org.bstats.charts.SimplePie;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.SonarPlatform;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.logger.LoggerWrapper;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Bandwidth;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bukkit.audience.AudienceListener;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bukkit.command.BukkitSonarCommand;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.boot.SonarBootstrap;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.statistics.CachedBandwidthStatistics;
 
 import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
 
 @Getter
 public final class SonarBukkit extends SonarBootstrap<SonarBukkitPlugin> {
@@ -38,7 +41,7 @@ public final class SonarBukkit extends SonarBootstrap<SonarBukkitPlugin> {
 
   public SonarBukkit(final @NotNull SonarBukkitPlugin plugin) {
     super(plugin, new BukkitLibraryManager(
-      plugin, plugin.getDataFolder().getName()),
+        plugin, plugin.getDataFolder().getName()),
       plugin.getDataFolder(), SonarPlatform.BUKKIT);
     INSTANCE = this;
   }
@@ -48,6 +51,14 @@ public final class SonarBukkit extends SonarBootstrap<SonarBukkitPlugin> {
    */
   private final BukkitAudiences bukkitAudiences = BukkitAudiences.create(getPlugin());
 
+  @Override
+  public @Nullable Audience audience(final @Nullable UUID uniqueId) {
+    if (uniqueId == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    return bukkitAudiences.player(uniqueId);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Create a wrapper for the plugin logger, so we can use it outside
    * the velocity module.
@@ -72,21 +83,25 @@ public final class SonarBukkit extends SonarBootstrap<SonarBukkitPlugin> {
     }
   };
 
+  private Metrics metrics;
+
   @Override
   public void enable() {
-
     // Initialize bStats.org metrics
-    new Metrics(getPlugin(), getPlatform().getMetricsId());
+    metrics = new Metrics(getPlugin(), getPlatform().getMetricsId());
+
+    // Add charts for some configuration options
+    metrics.addCustomChart(new SimplePie("verification",
+      () -> getConfig().getVerification().getTiming().getDisplayName()));
+    metrics.addCustomChart(new SimplePie("captcha",
+      () -> getConfig().getVerification().getMap().getTiming().getDisplayName()));
 
     // Register Sonar command
     Objects.requireNonNull(getPlugin().getCommand("sonar")).setExecutor(new BukkitSonarCommand());
 
-    // Register audience register listener
-    getPlugin().getServer().getPluginManager().registerEvents(new AudienceListener(), getPlugin());
-
     // Register traffic service
     getPlugin().getServer().getScheduler().runTaskTimerAsynchronously(getPlugin(),
-      Bandwidth::reset, 20L, 20L);
+      CachedBandwidthStatistics::reset, 20L, 20L);
 
     // Register queue service
     getPlugin().getServer().getScheduler().runTaskTimerAsynchronously(getPlugin(),
@@ -96,4 +111,10 @@ public final class SonarBukkit extends SonarBootstrap<SonarBukkitPlugin> {
     getPlugin().getServer().getScheduler().runTaskTimerAsynchronously(getPlugin(),
       Sonar.get().getVerboseHandler()::update, 4L, 4L);
   }
+
+  @Override
+  public void disable() {
+    // Make sure to properly shutdown bStats metrics
+    metrics.shutdown();
+  }
 }

sonar-bukkit/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/bukkit/audience/AudienceListener.java

@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bukkit.audience;
-
-import net.kyori.adventure.audience.Audience;
-import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
-import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
-import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
-import org.bukkit.event.player.PlayerJoinEvent;
-import org.bukkit.event.player.PlayerQuitEvent;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bukkit.SonarBukkit;
-
-public final class AudienceListener implements Listener {
-
-  @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.HIGHEST)
-  public void handle(final @NotNull PlayerJoinEvent event) {
-    final Audience audience = SonarBukkit.INSTANCE.getBukkitAudiences().player(event.getPlayer());
-    Sonar.AUDIENCES.put(event.getPlayer().getName(), audience);
-  }
-
-  @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.HIGHEST)
-  public void handle(final @NotNull PlayerQuitEvent event) {
-    Sonar.AUDIENCES.remove(event.getPlayer().getName());
-  }
-}

sonar-bukkit/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/bukkit/command/BukkitSonarCommand.java

@@ -21,9 +21,11 @@ import org.bukkit.command.Command;
 import org.bukkit.command.CommandExecutor;
 import org.bukkit.command.CommandSender;
 import org.bukkit.command.TabExecutor;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.command.InvocationSource;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.command.SonarCommand;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bukkit.SonarBukkit;
 
 import java.util.List;
 
@@ -37,7 +39,10 @@ public final class BukkitSonarCommand implements CommandExecutor, TabExecutor, S
                            final String label,
                            final String[] args) {
     // Create our own invocation source wrapper to handle messages properly
-    final InvocationSource invocationSource = new BukkitInvocationSource(sender);
+    final InvocationSource invocationSource = new InvocationSource(
+      sender instanceof Player ? ((Player) sender).getUniqueId() : null,
+      SonarBukkit.INSTANCE.getBukkitAudiences().sender(sender),
+      sender::hasPermission);
     // Pass the invocation source and command arguments to our command handler
     handle(invocationSource, args);
     return true; // Valid

sonar-bungee/build.gradle.kts

@@ -13,14 +13,22 @@ bungee {
 }
 
 dependencies {
-  compileOnly(project(":api"))
-  compileOnly(project(":common"))
+  implementation(project(":api"))
+  implementation(project(":common"))
 
   compileOnly("net.md_5:bungeecord-proxy:master-SNAPSHOT")
   testCompileOnly("net.md_5:bungeecord-proxy:master-SNAPSHOT")
 
-  // MiniMessage platform support
+  // adventure platform support
   implementation("net.kyori:adventure-platform-bungeecord:4.3.2")
+  implementation("net.kyori:adventure-platform-api:4.3.2")
+  implementation("net.kyori:adventure-platform-facet:4.3.2")
+
+  // adventure minimessage
+  compileOnly("net.kyori:adventure-text-minimessage:4.16.0")
+  compileOnly("net.kyori:adventure-text-serializer-gson:4.16.0")
+  // adventure nbt
+  implementation("net.kyori:adventure-nbt:4.16.0")
 
   // Implement bStats.org for metrics
   implementation("org.bstats:bstats-bungeecord:3.0.2")
@@ -29,5 +37,11 @@ dependencies {
   implementation("com.alessiodp.libby:libby-bungee:2.0.0-SNAPSHOT")
 }
 
+tasks {
+  shadowJar {
+    relocate("net.kyori", "xyz.jonesdev.sonar.libs.kyori")
+  }
+}
+
 java.sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_11
 java.targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_11

sonar-bungee/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/bungee/SonarBungee.java

@@ -19,19 +19,22 @@ package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bungee;
 
 import com.alessiodp.libby.BungeeLibraryManager;
 import lombok.Getter;
+import net.kyori.adventure.audience.Audience;
 import net.kyori.adventure.platform.bungeecord.BungeeAudiences;
 import org.bstats.bungeecord.Metrics;
+import org.bstats.charts.SimplePie;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.SonarPlatform;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.logger.LoggerWrapper;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Bandwidth;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bungee.audience.AudienceListener;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bungee.command.BungeeSonarCommand;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bungee.fallback.FallbackInjectionHelper;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bungee.fallback.FallbackLoginListener;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.boot.SonarBootstrap;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.statistics.CachedBandwidthStatistics;
 
+import java.util.UUID;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 
 @Getter
@@ -48,6 +51,14 @@ public final class SonarBungee extends SonarBootstrap<SonarBungeePlugin> {
    */
   private final BungeeAudiences bungeeAudiences = BungeeAudiences.create(getPlugin());
 
+  @Override
+  public @Nullable Audience audience(final @Nullable UUID uniqueId) {
+    if (uniqueId == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    return bungeeAudiences.player(uniqueId);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Create a wrapper for the plugin logger, so we can use it outside
    * the velocity module.
@@ -72,11 +83,18 @@ public final class SonarBungee extends SonarBootstrap<SonarBungeePlugin> {
     }
   };
 
+  private Metrics metrics;
+
   @Override
   public void enable() {
-
     // Initialize bStats.org metrics
-    new Metrics(getPlugin(), getPlatform().getMetricsId());
+    metrics = new Metrics(getPlugin(), getPlatform().getMetricsId());
+
+    // Add charts for some configuration options
+    metrics.addCustomChart(new SimplePie("verification",
+      () -> getConfig().getVerification().getTiming().getDisplayName()));
+    metrics.addCustomChart(new SimplePie("captcha",
+      () -> getConfig().getVerification().getMap().getTiming().getDisplayName()));
 
     // Register Sonar command
     getPlugin().getServer().getPluginManager().registerCommand(getPlugin(), new BungeeSonarCommand());
@@ -84,11 +102,8 @@ public final class SonarBungee extends SonarBootstrap<SonarBungeePlugin> {
     // Register Fallback listener
     getPlugin().getServer().getPluginManager().registerListener(getPlugin(), new FallbackLoginListener());
 
-    // Register audience register listener
-    getPlugin().getServer().getPluginManager().registerListener(getPlugin(), new AudienceListener());
-
     // Register traffic service
-    getPlugin().getServer().getScheduler().schedule(getPlugin(), Bandwidth::reset,
+    getPlugin().getServer().getScheduler().schedule(getPlugin(), CachedBandwidthStatistics::reset,
       1L, 1L, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
 
     // Register queue service
@@ -102,4 +117,10 @@ public final class SonarBungee extends SonarBootstrap<SonarBungeePlugin> {
     // Make sure to inject into the server's connection handler
     FallbackInjectionHelper.inject();
   }
+
+  @Override
+  public void disable() {
+    // Make sure to properly shutdown bStats metrics
+    metrics.shutdown();
+  }
 }

sonar-bungee/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/bungee/audience/AudienceListener.java

@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bungee.audience;
-
-import net.kyori.adventure.audience.Audience;
-import net.md_5.bungee.api.event.PlayerDisconnectEvent;
-import net.md_5.bungee.api.event.PostLoginEvent;
-import net.md_5.bungee.api.plugin.Listener;
-import net.md_5.bungee.event.EventHandler;
-import net.md_5.bungee.event.EventPriority;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bungee.SonarBungee;
-
-public final class AudienceListener implements Listener {
-
-  @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.HIGHEST)
-  public void handle(final @NotNull PostLoginEvent event) {
-    final Audience audience = SonarBungee.INSTANCE.getBungeeAudiences().player(event.getPlayer());
-    Sonar.AUDIENCES.put(event.getPlayer().getName(), audience);
-  }
-
-  @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.HIGHEST)
-  public void handle(final @NotNull PlayerDisconnectEvent event) {
-    Sonar.AUDIENCES.remove(event.getPlayer().getName());
-  }
-}

sonar-bungee/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/bungee/command/BungeeInvocationSource.java

@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bungee.command;
-
-import net.md_5.bungee.api.CommandSender;
-import net.md_5.bungee.api.connection.ProxiedPlayer;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.command.InvocationSource;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bungee.SonarBungee;
-
-public final class BungeeInvocationSource extends InvocationSource {
-  public BungeeInvocationSource(final @NotNull CommandSender sender) {
-    super(sender.getName(),
-      SonarBungee.INSTANCE.getBungeeAudiences().sender(sender),
-      sender instanceof ProxiedPlayer,
-      sender::hasPermission);
-  }
-}

sonar-bungee/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/bungee/command/BungeeSonarCommand.java

@@ -18,11 +18,13 @@
 package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bungee.command;
 
 import net.md_5.bungee.api.CommandSender;
+import net.md_5.bungee.api.connection.ProxiedPlayer;
 import net.md_5.bungee.api.plugin.Command;
 import net.md_5.bungee.api.plugin.TabExecutor;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.command.InvocationSource;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.command.SonarCommand;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bungee.SonarBungee;
 
 import static java.util.Collections.emptyList;
 
@@ -34,7 +36,10 @@ public final class BungeeSonarCommand extends Command implements TabExecutor, So
   @Override
   public void execute(final @NotNull CommandSender sender, final String[] args) {
     // Create our own invocation source wrapper to handle messages properly
-    final InvocationSource invocationSource = new BungeeInvocationSource(sender);
+    final InvocationSource invocationSource = new InvocationSource(
+      sender instanceof ProxiedPlayer ? ((ProxiedPlayer) sender).getUniqueId() : null,
+      SonarBungee.INSTANCE.getBungeeAudiences().sender(sender),
+      sender::hasPermission);
     // Pass the invocation source and command arguments to our command handler
     handle(invocationSource, args);
   }

sonar-bungee/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/bungee/fallback/FallbackChannelHandler.java

@@ -17,56 +17,41 @@
 
 package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bungee.fallback;
 
-import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Cache;
-import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Caffeine;
 import io.netty.channel.Channel;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.CorruptedFrameException;
-import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
-import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
-import net.kyori.adventure.text.serializer.json.JSONComponentSerializer;
-import net.md_5.bungee.api.chat.BaseComponent;
-import net.md_5.bungee.chat.ComponentSerializer;
 import net.md_5.bungee.netty.ChannelWrapper;
 import net.md_5.bungee.netty.HandlerBoss;
 import net.md_5.bungee.protocol.DefinedPacket;
 import net.md_5.bungee.protocol.PacketWrapper;
 import net.md_5.bungee.protocol.packet.Handshake;
-import net.md_5.bungee.protocol.packet.Kick;
 import net.md_5.bungee.protocol.packet.LoginRequest;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.ReflectiveOperationException;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.Fallback;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.FallbackUser;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Counters;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Statistics;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.FallbackBandwidthHandler;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.FallbackChannelHandlerAdapter;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.FallbackUserWrapper;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.statistics.GlobalSonarStatistics;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.geyser.GeyserUtil;
 
 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
-import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
 import static net.md_5.bungee.netty.PipelineUtils.*;
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.FallbackPipelines.FALLBACK_BANDWIDTH;
-import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.FallbackUserWrapper.closeWith;
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.FallbackUserWrapper.customDisconnect;
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.FallbackUserWrapper.deject;
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPreparer.*;
 
-@RequiredArgsConstructor
-public final class FallbackChannelHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
-  private final Channel channel;
-  private @Nullable String username;
-  private ProtocolVersion protocolVersion;
-  private InetAddress inetAddress;
+public final class FallbackChannelHandler extends FallbackChannelHandlerAdapter {
 
-  private static final Fallback FALLBACK = Sonar.get().getFallback();
-  private static final Cache<Component, Kick> CACHED_KICK_PACKETS = Caffeine.newBuilder().build();
+  public FallbackChannelHandler(final @NotNull Channel channel) {
+    super(channel);
+  }
 
   private static final Field CHANNEL_WRAPPER_FIELD;
 
@@ -79,41 +64,6 @@ public final class FallbackChannelHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
     }
   }
 
-  public static @NotNull Kick getCachedKickPacket(final Component component) {
-    Kick packet = CACHED_KICK_PACKETS.asMap().get(component);
-    if (packet == null) {
-      final String serialized = JSONComponentSerializer.json().serialize(component);
-      final BaseComponent baseComponent = ComponentSerializer.deserialize(serialized);
-      packet = new Kick(baseComponent);
-      CACHED_KICK_PACKETS.put(component, packet);
-    }
-    return packet;
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public void channelActive(final @NotNull ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
-    // Increase connections per second for the action bar verbose
-    Counters.CONNECTIONS_PER_SECOND.put(System.nanoTime(), (byte) 0);
-    // Make sure to let the server handle the rest
-    ctx.fireChannelActive();
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public void channelInactive(final @NotNull ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
-    // The player can disconnect without sending the login packet first
-    if (username != null) {
-      // Remove the username from the connected players
-      FALLBACK.getConnected().remove(username);
-    }
-    // The player cannot be in the queue if the IP address is invalid
-    if (inetAddress != null) {
-      // Remove the IP address from the queue
-      FALLBACK.getQueue().remove(inetAddress);
-    }
-    // Make sure to let the server handle the rest
-    ctx.fireChannelInactive();
-  }
-
   @Override
   public void channelRead(final @NotNull ChannelHandlerContext ctx, final Object msg) throws Exception {
     // Intercept any packets processed by BungeeCord
@@ -137,18 +87,6 @@ public final class FallbackChannelHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
     ctx.fireChannelRead(msg);
   }
 
-  // We can override the default exceptionCaught method since this handler
-  // will run before the MinecraftConnection knows that there has been an error.
-  // Additionally, this will also run after our custom decoder.
-  @Override
-  public void exceptionCaught(final @NotNull ChannelHandlerContext ctx,
-                              final @NotNull Throwable cause) throws Exception {
-    // Sonar sometimes uses exceptions to quickly close
-    // the channel and interrupt any other ongoing process.
-    // Simply close the channel if we encounter any errors.
-    ctx.close();
-  }
-
   private void handleHandshake(final @NotNull Handshake handshake) throws Exception {
     // Check if the player has already sent a handshake packet
     if (protocolVersion != null) {
@@ -160,6 +98,13 @@ public final class FallbackChannelHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
     }
     // Store the protocol version
     protocolVersion = ProtocolVersion.fromId(handshake.getProtocolVersion());
+    // Connections from unknown protocol versions will be discarded
+    // as this is the safest way of handling unwanted connections
+    if (protocolVersion.isUnknown()) {
+      // Sonar does NOT support snapshots or unknown versions;
+      // I'll try my best to stay up-to-date!
+      throw new CorruptedFrameException("Unknown protocol");
+    }
     // Hook the traffic listener
     // TODO: Can we implement this in channelActive?
     channel.pipeline().addFirst(FALLBACK_BANDWIDTH, FallbackBandwidthHandler.INSTANCE);
@@ -173,9 +118,7 @@ public final class FallbackChannelHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
       throw new CorruptedFrameException("Already logged on");
     }
     // Increase joins per second for the action bar verbose
-    Counters.LOGINS_PER_SECOND.put(System.nanoTime(), (byte) 0);
-    // Increase total traffic statistic
-    Statistics.TOTAL_TRAFFIC.increment();
+    GlobalSonarStatistics.countLogin();
     // Store the username
     username = loginRequest.getData();
     // Make sure to use the potentially modified, real IP
@@ -186,27 +129,27 @@ public final class FallbackChannelHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
 
     // Check the blacklist here since we cannot let the player "ghost join"
     if (FALLBACK.getBlacklist().asMap().containsKey(inetAddress)) {
-      closeWith(channel, protocolVersion,
-        getCachedKickPacket(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getBlacklisted()));
+      customDisconnect(channel, protocolVersion, blacklisted, PACKET_ENCODER, BOSS_HANDLER);
       return;
     }
 
     // Don't continue the verification process if the verification is disabled
     if (!Sonar.get().getFallback().shouldVerifyNewPlayers()) {
       ctx.fireChannelRead(wrappedMessage);
+      deject(channel.pipeline());
       return;
     }
 
     // Completely skip Geyser connections
     if (GeyserUtil.isGeyserConnection(channel, socketAddress)) {
       ctx.fireChannelRead(wrappedMessage);
+      deject(channel.pipeline());
       return;
     }
 
     // Check if the player is already queued since we don't want bots to flood the queue
     if (FALLBACK.getQueue().getQueuedPlayers().containsKey(inetAddress)) {
-      closeWith(channel, protocolVersion,
-        getCachedKickPacket(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getAlreadyQueued()));
+      customDisconnect(channel, protocolVersion, alreadyQueued, PACKET_ENCODER, BOSS_HANDLER);
       return;
     }
 
@@ -214,16 +157,14 @@ public final class FallbackChannelHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
     // → is another player with the same IP address connected to Fallback?
     if (FALLBACK.getConnected().containsKey(loginRequest.getData())
       || FALLBACK.getConnected().containsValue(inetAddress)) {
-      closeWith(channel, protocolVersion,
-        getCachedKickPacket(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getAlreadyVerifying()));
+      customDisconnect(channel, protocolVersion, alreadyVerifying, PACKET_ENCODER, BOSS_HANDLER);
       return;
     }
 
     // Check if the protocol ID of the player is not allowed to enter the server
     if (Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getBlacklistedProtocols()
       .contains(protocolVersion.getProtocol())) {
-      closeWith(channel, protocolVersion,
-        getCachedKickPacket(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getProtocolBlacklisted()));
+      customDisconnect(channel, protocolVersion, protocolBlacklisted, PACKET_ENCODER, BOSS_HANDLER);
       return;
     }
 
@@ -232,13 +173,13 @@ public final class FallbackChannelHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
     final UUID offlineUUID = UUID.nameUUIDFromBytes(offlineUUIDString.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
     if (Sonar.get().getVerifiedPlayerController().has(inetAddress, offlineUUID)) {
       ctx.fireChannelRead(wrappedMessage);
+      deject(channel.pipeline());
       return;
     }
 
     // Check if the IP address is currently being rate-limited
     if (!FALLBACK.getRatelimiter().attempt(inetAddress)) {
-      closeWith(channel, protocolVersion,
-        getCachedKickPacket(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getTooFastReconnect()));
+      customDisconnect(channel, protocolVersion, reconnectedTooFast, PACKET_ENCODER, BOSS_HANDLER);
       return;
     }
 
@@ -246,6 +187,7 @@ public final class FallbackChannelHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
     if (Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getWhitelistedProtocols()
       .contains(protocolVersion.getProtocol())) {
       ctx.fireChannelRead(wrappedMessage);
+      deject(channel.pipeline());
       return;
     }
 
@@ -255,13 +197,12 @@ public final class FallbackChannelHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
       // UTF-16 names or other types of exploits
       if (!Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getValidNameRegex()
         .matcher(loginRequest.getData()).matches()) {
-        closeWith(channel, protocolVersion,
-          Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getInvalidUsername());
+        customDisconnect(channel, protocolVersion, invalidUsername, PACKET_ENCODER, BOSS_HANDLER);
         return;
       }
 
       // Create an instance for the Fallback connection
-      final FallbackUser user = new FallbackUserWrapper(channel, inetAddress, protocolVersion);
+      user = new FallbackUserWrapper(channel, inetAddress, protocolVersion);
       // Let the verification handler take over the channel
       user.hijack(loginRequest.getData(), offlineUUID, PACKET_ENCODER, PACKET_DECODER, TIMEOUT_HANDLER, BOSS_HANDLER);
     }));

sonar-bungee/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/bungee/fallback/FallbackChannelInitializer.java

@@ -51,6 +51,8 @@ public final class FallbackChannelInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<Channel
       throw new ReflectiveOperationException(throwable);
     }
 
-    channel.pipeline().addAfter(PACKET_DECODER, FALLBACK_HANDLER, new FallbackChannelHandler(channel));
+    if (channel.pipeline().get(PACKET_DECODER) != null) {
+      channel.pipeline().addAfter(PACKET_DECODER, FALLBACK_HANDLER, new FallbackChannelHandler(channel));
+    }
   }
 }

sonar-bungee/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/bungee/fallback/FallbackLoginListener.java

@@ -19,13 +19,16 @@ package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bungee.fallback;
 
 import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
+import net.kyori.adventure.text.serializer.gson.GsonComponentSerializer;
 import net.md_5.bungee.api.connection.PendingConnection;
-import net.md_5.bungee.api.event.LoginEvent;
+import net.md_5.bungee.api.event.PreLoginEvent;
 import net.md_5.bungee.api.plugin.Listener;
+import net.md_5.bungee.chat.ComponentSerializer;
 import net.md_5.bungee.connection.InitialHandler;
 import net.md_5.bungee.event.EventHandler;
 import net.md_5.bungee.event.EventPriority;
 import net.md_5.bungee.netty.ChannelWrapper;
+import net.md_5.bungee.protocol.packet.Kick;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.ReflectiveOperationException;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
@@ -36,7 +39,6 @@ import java.lang.reflect.Field;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.util.Objects;
 
-import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.bungee.fallback.FallbackChannelHandler.getCachedKickPacket;
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.FallbackUserWrapper.closeWith;
 
 @RequiredArgsConstructor
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ public final class FallbackLoginListener implements Listener {
 
   @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
   @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.LOWEST)
-  public void handle(final @NotNull LoginEvent event) throws IllegalAccessException {
+  public void handle(final @NotNull PreLoginEvent event) throws IllegalAccessException {
     // Check if the number of online players using the same IP address as
     // the connecting player is greater than the configured amount
     final int maxOnlinePerIp = Sonar.get().getConfig().getMaxOnlinePerIp();
@@ -72,9 +74,11 @@ public final class FallbackLoginListener implements Listener {
     // We use '>=' because the player connecting to the server hasn't joined yet
     if (onlinePerIp >= maxOnlinePerIp) {
       final Component component = Sonar.get().getConfig().getTooManyOnlinePerIp();
+      final String serialized = GsonComponentSerializer.gson().serialize(component);
       final PendingConnection connection = event.getConnection();
       closeWith(((ChannelWrapper) CHANNEL_FIELD.get(connection)).getHandle(),
-        ProtocolVersion.fromId(connection.getVersion()), getCachedKickPacket(component));
+        ProtocolVersion.fromId(connection.getVersion()),
+        new Kick(ComponentSerializer.deserialize(serialized)));
     }
   }
 }

sonar-common/build.gradle.kts

@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 dependencies {
   compileOnly(project(":api"))
+
+  // adventure nbt for packets
+  compileOnly("net.kyori:adventure-nbt:4.16.0")
+
+  // CAPTCHA image generation
+  implementation("xyz.jonesdev.capja:capja:0.1.2")
 }
 
 java.sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_11

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/boot/LibraryLoader.java

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ import com.alessiodp.libby.Library;
 import com.alessiodp.libby.LibraryManager;
 import lombok.experimental.UtilityClass;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.SonarPlatform;
 
 @UtilityClass
 class LibraryLoader {
@@ -40,7 +42,7 @@ class LibraryLoader {
         .groupId("com{}google{}code{}gson")
         .artifactId("gson")
         .version("2.10.1")
-        .relocate("com{}google{}code{}gson", "xyz{}jonesdev{}sonar{}libs{}gson")
+        .relocate("com{}google{}gson", "xyz{}jonesdev{}sonar{}libs{}gson")
         .build(),
       // Caffeine
       Library.builder()
@@ -61,7 +63,33 @@ class LibraryLoader {
         .groupId("com{}mysql")
         .artifactId("mysql-connector-j")
         .version("8.3.0")
+        .relocate("com{}mysql", "xyz{}jonesdev{}sonar{}libs{}mysql")
+        .build(),
+      // MariaDB driver
+      Library.builder()
+        .groupId("org{}mariadb{}jdbc")
+        .artifactId("mariadb-java-client")
+        .version("3.3.3")
+        .relocate("org{}mariadb", "xyz{}jonesdev{}sonar{}libs{}mariadb")
         .build()
     );
+
+    // Only load adventure dependencies if needed
+    if (Sonar.get().getPlatform() != SonarPlatform.VELOCITY) {
+      libraryManager.loadLibraries(
+        Library.builder()
+          .groupId("net{}kyori")
+          .artifactId("adventure-text-minimessage")
+          .version("4.16.0")
+          .relocate("net{}kyori", "xyz{}jonesdev{}sonar{}libs{}kyori")
+          .build(),
+        Library.builder()
+          .groupId("net{}kyori")
+          .artifactId("adventure-text-serializer-gson")
+          .version("4.16.0")
+          .relocate("net{}kyori", "xyz{}jonesdev{}sonar{}libs{}kyori")
+          .build()
+      );
+    }
   }
 }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/boot/SonarBootstrap.java

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.boot;
 
 import com.alessiodp.libby.LibraryManager;
 import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Caffeine;
+import com.j256.ormlite.logger.Level;
+import com.j256.ormlite.logger.Logger;
 import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
 import lombok.Setter;
@@ -29,10 +31,12 @@ import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.SonarSupplier;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.command.subcommand.SubcommandRegistry;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.config.SonarConfiguration;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.controller.VerifiedPlayerController;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.SonarStatistics;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.timer.SystemTimer;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.verbose.Notification;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.verbose.Verbose;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPreparer;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.statistics.GlobalSonarStatistics;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.subcommand.SubcommandRegistryHolder;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.update.UpdateChecker;
 
@@ -51,6 +55,7 @@ public abstract class SonarBootstrap<T> implements Sonar {
   private VerifiedPlayerController verifiedPlayerController;
   private File dataDirectory;
   private final LibraryManager libraryManager;
+  private final SonarStatistics statistics;
   private final SonarPlatform platform;
   private final SubcommandRegistry subcommandRegistry;
   private final SystemTimer launchTimer = new SystemTimer();
@@ -63,16 +68,20 @@ public abstract class SonarBootstrap<T> implements Sonar {
     SonarSupplier.set(this);
     // Store our library manager for the API
     this.libraryManager = libraryManager;
-    // Load all libraries before anything else
-    LibraryLoader.loadLibraries(libraryManager);
     // Set the plugin instance
     this.plugin = plugin;
     this.dataDirectory = dataDirectory;
     this.platform = platform;
+    // Load all libraries before anything else
+    LibraryLoader.loadLibraries(libraryManager);
+    // Load the rest of the components
+    this.statistics = new GlobalSonarStatistics();
     this.verboseHandler = new Verbose();
     this.notificationHandler = new Notification();
     this.config = new SonarConfiguration(dataDirectory);
     this.subcommandRegistry = new SubcommandRegistryHolder();
+    // Hide unnecessary debug information
+    Logger.setGlobalLogLevel(Level.WARNING);
   }
 
   public final void initialize() {
@@ -118,17 +127,19 @@ public abstract class SonarBootstrap<T> implements Sonar {
     // Warn player if they reloaded and changed the database type
     if (verifiedPlayerController != null
       && verifiedPlayerController.getCachedDatabaseType() != getConfig().getDatabase().getType()) {
-      getLogger().warn("Reloading the server after changing the database type"
-        + " is generally not recommended as it can sometimes cause data loss.");
+      getLogger().warn("Reloading after changing the database type is not recommended as it may cause data loss.");
     }
 
     // Prepare cached packets
     FallbackPreparer.prepare();
 
-    // Update ratelimiter cache
-    getFallback().getRatelimiter().setExpiringCache(Caffeine.newBuilder()
+    // Update ratelimiter caches
+    getFallback().getRatelimiter().setAttemptCache(Caffeine.newBuilder()
       .expireAfterWrite(Duration.ofMillis(getConfig().getVerification().getReconnectDelay()))
       .build());
+    getFallback().getRatelimiter().setFailCountCache(Caffeine.newBuilder()
+      .expireAfterWrite(Duration.ofMillis(getConfig().getVerification().getRememberTime()))
+      .build());
 
     // Update blacklist cache
     final long blacklistTime = getConfig().getVerification().getBlacklistTime();
@@ -149,14 +160,23 @@ public abstract class SonarBootstrap<T> implements Sonar {
     }
 
     // Reinitialize database controller
+    if (verifiedPlayerController != null) {
+      // Close the old connection first
+      verifiedPlayerController.close();
+    }
     verifiedPlayerController = new VerifiedPlayerController();
   }
 
-  public void shutdown() {
+  public final void shutdown() {
+    // Initialize shutdown process
     getLogger().info("Starting shutdown process...");
-
-    // ...
-
+    // Close database connection
+    verifiedPlayerController.close();
+    // Run the per-platform disable method
+    disable();
+    // Thank the user for using Sonar
     getLogger().info("Successfully shut down. Goodbye!");
   }
+
+  public abstract void disable();
 }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/FallbackBandwidthHandler.java

@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ import lombok.AccessLevel;
 import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 
-import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Bandwidth.INCOMING;
-import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Bandwidth.OUTGOING;
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.statistics.CachedBandwidthStatistics.INCOMING;
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.statistics.CachedBandwidthStatistics.OUTGOING;
 
 @ChannelHandler.Sharable
 @NoArgsConstructor(access = AccessLevel.PRIVATE)

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/FallbackChannelHandlerAdapter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback;
+
+import io.netty.channel.Channel;
+import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
+import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
+import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.Fallback;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.FallbackUser;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.statistics.GlobalSonarStatistics;
+
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+public class FallbackChannelHandlerAdapter extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
+  protected final Channel channel;
+  protected @Nullable String username;
+  protected InetAddress inetAddress;
+  protected ProtocolVersion protocolVersion;
+  protected @Nullable FallbackUser user;
+
+  protected static final Fallback FALLBACK = Sonar.get().getFallback();
+
+  @Override
+  public final void channelActive(final @NotNull ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
+    // Increase connections per second for the action bar verbose
+    GlobalSonarStatistics.countConnection();
+    // Make sure to let the server handle the rest
+    ctx.fireChannelActive();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public final void channelInactive(final @NotNull ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
+    // The player can disconnect without sending the login packet first
+    if (username != null) {
+      // Remove the username from the connected players
+      FALLBACK.getConnected().remove(username);
+    }
+    // The player cannot be in the queue if the IP address is invalid
+    if (inetAddress != null) {
+      // Remove the IP address from the queue
+      FALLBACK.getQueue().remove(inetAddress);
+    }
+    // The player cannot be in the verification if the user object doesn't exist,
+    // or if the user failed/succeeded the bot verification process.
+    if (user != null && user.getState().canReceivePackets()) {
+      // Mark the verification attempt as failed
+      user.fail("disconnected during verification");
+    }
+    // Make sure to let the server handle the rest
+    ctx.fireChannelInactive();
+  }
+
+  // We can override the default exceptionCaught method since this handler
+  // will run before the connection knows that there has been an error.
+  // Additionally, this will also run after our custom decoder.
+  @Override
+  public final void exceptionCaught(final @NotNull ChannelHandlerContext ctx,
+                                    final @NotNull Throwable cause) throws Exception {
+    // Simply close the channel if we encounter any errors.
+    ctx.close();
+  }
+}

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/FallbackUserWrapper.java

@@ -19,28 +19,33 @@ package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback;
 
 import io.netty.channel.Channel;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
+import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 import lombok.Getter;
+import lombok.Setter;
 import lombok.ToString;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.event.impl.UserBlacklistedEvent;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.event.impl.UserVerifyFailedEvent;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.event.impl.UserVerifyJoinEvent;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.FallbackUser;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.FallbackUserState;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Statistics;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacket;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacketDecoder;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacketEncoder;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacketRegistry;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.login.LoginSuccess;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.play.Disconnect;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.login.LoginSuccessPacket;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.play.DisconnectPacket;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.statistics.GlobalSonarStatistics;
 
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.util.UUID;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 
-import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.FallbackPipelines.FALLBACK_PACKET_DECODER;
-import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.FallbackPipelines.FALLBACK_PACKET_ENCODER;
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.FallbackPipelines.*;
 
 @Getter
 @ToString(of = {"protocolVersion", "inetAddress"})
@@ -49,6 +54,8 @@ public final class FallbackUserWrapper implements FallbackUser {
   private final ChannelPipeline pipeline;
   private final InetAddress inetAddress;
   private final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion;
+  @Setter
+  private FallbackUserState state = FallbackUserState.LOGIN_ACK; // 1.20.2+
 
   public FallbackUserWrapper(final @NotNull Channel channel,
                              final @NotNull InetAddress inetAddress,
@@ -59,49 +66,11 @@ public final class FallbackUserWrapper implements FallbackUser {
     this.protocolVersion = protocolVersion;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Disconnect the player during/after verification
-   * using our custom {@link Disconnect} packet.
-   *
-   * @param reason Disconnect message component
-   */
   @Override
   public void disconnect(final @NotNull Component reason) {
-    closeWith(channel, protocolVersion, Disconnect.create(reason));
+    closeWith(channel, protocolVersion, DisconnectPacket.create(reason, false));
   }
 
-  /**
-   * @param channel         Channel to close
-   * @param protocolVersion Protocol version
-   * @param msg             Packet to close the channel with
-   */
-  public static void closeWith(final @NotNull Channel channel,
-                               final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion,
-                               final @NotNull Object msg) {
-    if (channel.isActive()) {
-      if (protocolVersion.compareTo(ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_8) < 0
-        && protocolVersion.compareTo(ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_7_2) >= 0) {
-        channel.eventLoop().execute(() -> {
-          channel.config().setAutoRead(false);
-          channel.eventLoop().schedule(() -> {
-            channel.writeAndFlush(msg).addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
-          }, 250L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
-        });
-      } else {
-        channel.writeAndFlush(msg).addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Takes over the channel and begins the verification process
-   *
-   * @param username Username of the player
-   * @param uuid     UUID of the player
-   * @param encoder  Name of the encoder pipeline
-   * @param decoder  Name of the decoder pipeline
-   * @param timeout  Name of the read timeout pipeline
-   */
   @Override
   public void hijack(final @NotNull String username, final @NotNull UUID uuid,
                      final @NotNull String encoder, final @NotNull String decoder,
@@ -119,7 +88,7 @@ public final class FallbackUserWrapper implements FallbackUser {
     }
 
     // The player has joined the verification
-    Statistics.REAL_TRAFFIC.increment();
+    GlobalSonarStatistics.totalAttemptedVerifications++;
 
     if (Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().isLogConnections()) {
       // Only log the processing message if the server isn't under attack.
@@ -149,7 +118,7 @@ public final class FallbackUserWrapper implements FallbackUser {
     pipeline.replace(encoder, FALLBACK_PACKET_ENCODER, newEncoder);
 
     // Send LoginSuccess packet to make the client think they are joining the server
-    write(new LoginSuccess(username, uuid));
+    write(new LoginSuccessPacket(username, uuid));
 
     // The LoginSuccess packet has been sent, now we can change the registry state
     newEncoder.updateRegistry(protocolVersion.compareTo(ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_20_2) >= 0
@@ -159,4 +128,138 @@ public final class FallbackUserWrapper implements FallbackUser {
     pipeline.replace(decoder, FALLBACK_PACKET_DECODER,
       new FallbackPacketDecoder(this, new FallbackVerificationHandler(this, username, uuid)));
   }
+
+  @Override
+  public void fail(final @NotNull String reason) {
+    // Make sure to set the state to failed to drop all handlers
+    setState(FallbackUserState.FAILED);
+
+    // Only log the failed message if the server isn't currently under attack.
+    // However, we let the user override this through the configuration.
+    final boolean shouldLog = !Sonar.get().getAttackTracker().isCurrentlyUnderAttack()
+      || Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().isLogDuringAttack();
+
+    // Only disconnect the player and log if the channel is active
+    if (channel.isActive()) {
+      disconnect(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getVerificationFailed());
+
+      if (shouldLog) {
+        Sonar.get().getFallback().getLogger().info(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getFailedLog()
+          .replace("%ip%", Sonar.get().getConfig().formatAddress(getInetAddress()))
+          .replace("%protocol%", String.valueOf(getProtocolVersion().getProtocol()))
+          .replace("%reason%", reason));
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Increment amount of total failed verifications
+    GlobalSonarStatistics.totalFailedVerifications++;
+
+    // Call the VerifyFailedEvent for external API usage
+    Sonar.get().getEventManager().publish(new UserVerifyFailedEvent(this, reason));
+
+    // Use a label, so we can easily add more code beneath this method in the future
+    blacklist: {
+      // Check if the player has too many failed attempts
+      final int blacklistThreshold = Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getBlacklistThreshold();
+      // The user is allowed to disable the blacklist entirely by setting the threshold to 0
+      if (blacklistThreshold <= 0) break blacklist;
+
+      // Use 1 as the default amount of fails since we haven't cached anything yet
+      final int failCount = Sonar.get().getFallback().getRatelimiter().getFailCountCache()
+        .asMap().getOrDefault(inetAddress, 1);
+
+      // Now we simply need to check if the threshold is reached
+      if (failCount < blacklistThreshold) {
+        // Make sure we increment the number of fails
+        Sonar.get().getFallback().getRatelimiter().incrementFails(inetAddress, failCount);
+        break blacklist;
+      }
+
+      // Call the BotBlacklistedEvent for external API usage
+      Sonar.get().getEventManager().publish(new UserBlacklistedEvent(this));
+
+      // Increment amount of total blacklisted players
+      GlobalSonarStatistics.totalBlacklistedPlayers++;
+
+      Sonar.get().getFallback().getBlacklist().put(getInetAddress(), (byte) 0);
+
+      if (shouldLog) {
+        Sonar.get().getFallback().getLogger().info(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getBlacklistLog()
+          .replace("%ip%", Sonar.get().getConfig().formatAddress(getInetAddress()))
+          .replace("%protocol%", String.valueOf(getProtocolVersion().getProtocol())));
+      }
+
+      // Invalidate the cached entry to ensure memory safety
+      Sonar.get().getFallback().getRatelimiter().getFailCountCache().invalidate(inetAddress);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @param channel         Channel to close
+   * @param protocolVersion Protocol version
+   * @param msg             Packet to close the channel with
+   */
+  public static void closeWith(final @NotNull Channel channel,
+                               final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion,
+                               final @NotNull Object msg) {
+    if (channel.isActive()) {
+      if (protocolVersion.compareTo(ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_8) < 0
+        && protocolVersion.compareTo(ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_7_2) >= 0) {
+        channel.eventLoop().execute(() -> {
+          channel.config().setAutoRead(false);
+          channel.eventLoop().schedule(() -> {
+            channel.writeAndFlush(msg).addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
+          }, 250L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+        });
+      } else {
+        channel.writeAndFlush(msg).addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Disconnect the player before verification (during login)
+   * by replacing the encoder before running the method.
+   *
+   * @param packet          Disconnect packet
+   * @param encoder         Encoder to replace
+   * @param boss            Main pipeline to remove
+   * @param channel         Channel of the player
+   * @param protocolVersion Protocol version of the player
+   */
+  public static void customDisconnect(final @NotNull Channel channel,
+                                      final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion,
+                                      final @NotNull FallbackPacket packet,
+                                      final @NotNull String encoder,
+                                      final @NotNull String boss) {
+    // Remove main pipeline to completely take over the channel
+    if (channel.pipeline().get(boss) != null) {
+      channel.pipeline().remove(boss);
+    }
+    final ChannelHandler currentEncoder = channel.pipeline().get(encoder);
+    // Simply close the channel if no decoder exists
+    if (currentEncoder != null) {
+      // We don't need to update the encoder if it's already present
+      if (!(currentEncoder instanceof FallbackPacketEncoder)) {
+        final FallbackPacketEncoder newEncoder = new FallbackPacketEncoder(protocolVersion);
+        channel.pipeline().replace(encoder, FALLBACK_PACKET_ENCODER, newEncoder);
+      }
+      closeWith(channel, protocolVersion, packet);
+    } else {
+      channel.close();
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Removes Sonar's pipelines from a channel to save
+   * unnecessary RAM and CPU usage
+   *
+   * @param pipeline Pipeline object of the channel
+   */
+  public static void deject(final @NotNull ChannelPipeline pipeline) {
+    // Remove Sonar's pipelines if they exist
+    if (pipeline.get(FALLBACK_HANDLER) != null) {
+      pipeline.remove(FALLBACK_HANDLER);
+    }
+  }
 }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/FallbackVerificationHandler.java

@@ -28,15 +28,17 @@ import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.event.impl.UserVerifySuccessEvent;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.Fallback;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.FallbackUser;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.FallbackUserState;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.model.VerifiedPlayer;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.timer.SystemTimer;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.*;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.map.ItemMapType;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.map.MapInfoPreparer;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.map.PreparedMapInfo;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.config.FinishConfiguration;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.login.LoginAcknowledged;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.map.ItemType;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.map.MapCaptchaInfo;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.config.FinishConfigurationPacket;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.login.LoginAcknowledgedPacket;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.play.*;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.vehicle.EntityType;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.statistics.GlobalSonarStatistics;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.ProtocolUtil;
 
 import java.util.Objects;
@@ -47,6 +49,7 @@ import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.config.SonarConfiguration.Verification.Gravity.Gamemode.CREATIVE;
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.FallbackPipelines.FALLBACK_PACKET_DECODER;
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.FallbackPipelines.FALLBACK_PACKET_ENCODER;
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.FallbackUserState.*;
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion.*;
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPreparer.*;
 
@@ -54,41 +57,27 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
   private static final Random RANDOM = new Random();
   private static final Fallback FALLBACK = Sonar.get().getFallback();
 
-  // General
   private final SystemTimer login = new SystemTimer();
   private final @NotNull FallbackUser user;
   private final String username;
   private final UUID playerUuid;
-  private @NotNull State state = State.LOGIN_ACK; // 1.20.2
 
   // Checks
   private short expectedTransactionId;
   private int expectedKeepAliveId, expectedTeleportId = -1;
-  private int tick, totalReceivedPackets, ignoredMovementTicks;
+  private int tick, totalReceivedPackets;
   private double posX, posY, posZ, lastY, spawnYPosition;
   private boolean resolvedClientBrand, resolvedClientSettings;
   private boolean listenForMovements;
 
-  // Map captcha
+  // CAPTCHA
   private final SystemTimer keepAlive = new SystemTimer();
   private final SystemTimer actionBar = new SystemTimer();
-  private @Nullable PreparedMapInfo captcha;
+  private @Nullable MapCaptchaInfo captcha;
   private int captchaTriesLeft;
 
-  public enum State {
-    // 1.20.2 configuration state
-    LOGIN_ACK, CONFIGURE,
-    // pre-JOIN ping check
-    KEEP_ALIVE,
-    // post-JOIN checks
-    CLIENT_SETTINGS, PLUGIN_MESSAGE, TRANSACTION,
-    // PLAY checks
-    TELEPORT, POSITION,
-    // Captcha
-    MAP_CAPTCHA,
-    // Done
-    SUCCESS
-  }
+  // Cached options to make sure the original values don't change throughout the verification
+  private final boolean performVehicle, performCaptcha, performGravity, performCollisions;
 
   public FallbackVerificationHandler(final @NotNull FallbackUser user,
                                      final @NotNull String username,
@@ -96,6 +85,10 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
     this.user = user;
     this.username = username;
     this.playerUuid = playerUuid;
+    this.performGravity = Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getGravity().isEnabled();
+    this.performCollisions = Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getGravity().isCheckCollisions();
+    this.performCaptcha = FALLBACK.shouldPerformCaptcha();
+    this.performVehicle = FALLBACK.shouldPerformVehicleCheck();
 
     if (user.getProtocolVersion().compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_20_2) < 0) {
       // Start initializing the actual join process
@@ -105,7 +98,7 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
 
   private void configure() {
     // Set the state to CONFIGURE to avoid false positives
-    state = State.CONFIGURE;
+    user.setState(CONFIGURE);
     // Send the necessary configuration packets to the client
     user.delayedWrite(REGISTRY_SYNC);
     user.delayedWrite(FINISH_CONFIGURATION);
@@ -136,22 +129,22 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
       sendJoinGamePacket();
     } else {
       // Set the state to KEEP_ALIVE to avoid false positives
-      state = State.KEEP_ALIVE;
+      user.setState(KEEP_ALIVE);
       // Generate a random KeepAlive ID for the pre-join check
       expectedKeepAliveId = RANDOM.nextInt();
       // Send first KeepAlive to check if the connection is somewhat responsive
-      user.write(new KeepAlive(expectedKeepAliveId));
+      user.write(new KeepAlivePacket(expectedKeepAliveId));
     }
   }
 
   private void sendTransaction() {
     // Set the state to TRANSACTION to avoid false positives
     // and go on with the flow of the verification.
-    state = State.TRANSACTION;
+    user.setState(TRANSACTION);
     // Generate a random transaction ID
     expectedTransactionId = (short) RANDOM.nextInt();
     // Send a transaction with the given ID
-    user.write(new Transaction(0, expectedTransactionId, false));
+    user.write(new TransactionPacket(0, expectedTransactionId, false));
   }
 
   private void sendJoinGamePacket() {
@@ -160,7 +153,7 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
       // Set the state to CLIENT_SETTINGS to avoid false positives
       // (1.20.2 needs the LOGIN_ACK state) and go on with
       // the flow of the verification.
-      state = State.CLIENT_SETTINGS;
+      user.setState(CLIENT_SETTINGS);
     }
     // Send the JoinGame packet so we can continue the verification
     user.write(joinGame);
@@ -174,7 +167,7 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
   private void sendAbilitiesAndTeleport() {
     // Set the state to TELEPORT to avoid false positives
     // and go on with the flow of the verification.
-    state = State.TELEPORT;
+    user.setState(TELEPORT);
     // Make sure the player is unable to fly (e.g. if the player is in creative mode)
     if (Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getGravity().getGamemode() == CREATIVE) {
       user.delayedWrite(DEFAULT_ABILITIES);
@@ -184,7 +177,7 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
     // Add a little randomization to the spawn y coordinate
     spawnYPosition = dynamicSpawnYPosition + RANDOM.nextDouble(0.4);
     // Teleport the player to the spawn position
-    user.delayedWrite(new PositionLook(
+    user.delayedWrite(new PlayerPositionLookPacket(
       SPAWN_X_POSITION, spawnYPosition, SPAWN_Z_POSITION,
       0f, -90f, expectedTeleportId, false));
     // Make sure the player escapes the 1.18.2+ "Loading terrain" screen
@@ -194,16 +187,16 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
   }
 
   private void sendChunkData() {
-    // If we don't have gravity and captcha enabled, simply finish verification
-    if (!Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getGravity().isEnabled()
-      && !FALLBACK.shouldDoMapCaptcha()) {
+    // If we don't have any checks, simply finish verification
+    // This is *hopefully* a very rare case though...
+    if (!performGravity && !performCaptcha && !performVehicle) {
       // Save some work by finishing before sending even more packets
       finish();
       return;
     }
     // Set the state to POSITION to avoid false positives
     // and go on with the flow of the verification.
-    state = State.POSITION;
+    user.setState(POSITION);
     // 1.20.3 packets introduced game events
     if (user.getProtocolVersion().compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_20_3) >= 0) {
       // Make sure the client knows that we're sending chunks next
@@ -211,19 +204,17 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
     }
     // Teleport player into the fake lobby by sending an empty chunk
     user.delayedWrite(EMPTY_CHUNK_DATA);
+    // Checking gravity is disabled, just finish verification
+    if (!performGravity) {
+      // Switch to captcha state if needed
+      vehicleCheckOrNext();
+      return;
+    }
     // Send an UpdateSectionBlocks packet with a platform of blocks
     // to check if the player collides with the solid platform.
     user.delayedWrite(updateSectionBlocks);
-    // Checking gravity is disabled, just finish verification
-    if (!Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getGravity().isEnabled()) {
-      // Switch to captcha state if needed
-      captchaOrFinish();
-    } else {
-      // Make sure the player knows we are checking them
-      user.delayedWrite(youAreBeingChecked);
-      // Send all packets in one flush
-      user.getChannel().flush();
-    }
+    // Send all packets in one flush
+    user.getChannel().flush();
   }
 
   private static boolean validateClientLocale(final @SuppressWarnings("unused") @NotNull FallbackUser user,
@@ -256,16 +247,16 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
     }
   }
 
-  private void handlePacketDuringCaptcha(final @NotNull FallbackPacket packet) {
+  private void handlePacketsCAPTCHA(final @NotNull FallbackPacket packet) {
     // Check if the player took too long to enter the captcha
     final int maxDuration = Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMap().getMaxDuration();
     checkFrame(!login.elapsed(maxDuration), "took too long to enter captcha");
 
     // Handle incoming chat messages
-    if (packet instanceof Chat) {
-      final Chat chat = (Chat) packet;
-      Objects.requireNonNull(captcha);
-      if (!chat.getMessage().equals(captcha.getInfo().getAnswer())) {
+    if (packet instanceof UniversalChatPacket) {
+      checkFrame(captcha != null, "Captcha not sent yet");
+      final UniversalChatPacket chat = (UniversalChatPacket) packet;
+      if (!chat.getMessage().equals(captcha.getAnswer())) {
         // Captcha is incorrect
         checkFrame(captchaTriesLeft-- > 0, "failed captcha too often");
         user.write(incorrectCaptcha);
@@ -277,13 +268,13 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
     }
 
     // Every second
-    if (actionBar.elapsed(1000L)) {
+    if (actionBar.elapsed(user.getProtocolVersion().compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_8) < 0 ? 10_000L : 1_000L)) {
       final String actionBarMessage = Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMap().getEnterCodeActionBar();
       // Only send action bar if the message is actually supposed to be sent
       if (!actionBarMessage.isEmpty()) {
         final String timeLeft = String.format("%.0f", (maxDuration - login.delay()) / 1000D);
-        user.write(new Chat(MiniMessage.miniMessage().deserialize(
-          actionBarMessage.replace("%time-left%", timeLeft)), Chat.GAME_INFO_TYPE));
+        user.write(new UniversalChatPacket(MiniMessage.miniMessage().deserialize(
+          actionBarMessage.replace("%time-left%", timeLeft)), UniversalChatPacket.GAME_INFO_TYPE));
         // Make sure to reset the timer
         actionBar.reset();
       }
@@ -291,12 +282,8 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
 
     // Every 10 seconds
     if (keepAlive.elapsed(10_000L)) {
-      // Send the message again to remind the player
-      user.delayedWrite(enterCodeMessage);
       // Send a KeepAlive packet to prevent timeout
-      user.delayedWrite(CAPTCHA_KEEP_ALIVE);
-      // Send both packets in one flush
-      user.getChannel().flush();
+      user.write(CAPTCHA_KEEP_ALIVE);
       // Make sure to reset the timer
       keepAlive.reset();
     }
@@ -304,34 +291,53 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
 
   @Override
   public void handle(final @NotNull FallbackPacket packet) {
-    // The player has already been verified, drop all other packets
-    if (state == State.SUCCESS) return;
+    // The player has already been verified or failed the verification -> drop packet
+    if (!user.getState().canReceivePackets()) return;
 
-    // We are expecting a captcha code in chat, drop all other packets
-    if (state == State.MAP_CAPTCHA) {
-      handlePacketDuringCaptcha(packet);
+    // Calculate maximum amount of packets sent by the client to the server
+    final int maxPackets = Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMaxLoginPackets()
+      + maxMovementTick // Account for positions/fall check
+      + Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMap().getMaxDuration()
+      + Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMap().getMaxTries();
+    checkFrame(++totalReceivedPackets < maxPackets, "too many packets");
+
+    // We are expecting a code in chat, drop all other packets
+    if (user.getState() == CAPTCHA) {
+      handlePacketsCAPTCHA(packet);
       return;
     }
 
-    // Check if the player is not sending a ton of packets to the server
-    final int maxPackets = Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMaxLoginPackets() + maxMovementTick;
-    checkFrame(++totalReceivedPackets < maxPackets, "too many packets");
+    if (packet instanceof PlayerInputPacket) {
+      // Check if we are currently expecting a PlayerInputPacket packet
+      assertState(VEHICLE);
 
-    // Check for timeout since the player could be sending packets but not important ones
-    final long timeout = Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMaxPing();
-    checkFrame(!login.elapsed(timeout), "time limit exceeded");
+      final PlayerInputPacket inputPacket = (PlayerInputPacket) packet;
 
-    if (packet instanceof LoginAcknowledged) {
+      // Make sure the values sent by the client are legitimate
+      checkFrame(inputPacket.getForward() <= 0.98f, "invalid vehicle speed (f)");
+      checkFrame(inputPacket.getSideways() <= 0.98f, "invalid vehicle speed (s)");
+
+      // Don't verify if the player tries unmounting or jumping
+      // We can't fail since the player is able to jump or sneak
+      if (inputPacket.isJump() || inputPacket.isUnmount()) return;
+
+      // Continue checking or verify the player
+      captchaOrNext();
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (packet instanceof LoginAcknowledgedPacket) {
       // Check if we are currently expecting a LoginAcknowledged packet
-      assertState(State.LOGIN_ACK);
+      assertState(LOGIN_ACK);
 
       // Start the configuration process for 1.20.2 clients
       configure();
+      return;
     }
 
-    if (packet instanceof FinishConfiguration) {
+    if (packet instanceof FinishConfigurationPacket) {
       // Check if we are currently expecting a FinishConfiguration packet
-      assertState(State.CONFIGURE);
+      assertState(CONFIGURE);
 
       // Check if the client has already sent valid ClientSettings and PluginMessage packets
       checkFrame(resolvedClientBrand, "did not resolve client brand");
@@ -340,40 +346,44 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
       // Start initializing the actual join process
       updateEncoderDecoderState(FallbackPacketRegistry.GAME);
       initialJoinProcess();
+      return;
     }
 
-    if (packet instanceof KeepAlive) {
-      final KeepAlive keepAlive = (KeepAlive) packet;
+    if (packet instanceof KeepAlivePacket) {
+      final KeepAlivePacket keepAlive = (KeepAlivePacket) packet;
 
       // 1.7-1.8.9 are sending a KeepAlive packet with the ID 0 every 20 ticks
       if (keepAlive.getId() == 0 && user.getProtocolVersion().compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_8) <= 0) return;
 
       // Check if we are currently expecting a KeepAlive packet
-      assertState(State.KEEP_ALIVE);
+      assertState(KEEP_ALIVE);
 
       checkFrame(keepAlive.getId() == expectedKeepAliveId, "invalid KeepAlive ID");
 
       // The correct KeepAlive packet has been received
       sendJoinGamePacket();
+      return;
     }
 
-    if (packet instanceof ClientSettings) {
-      final ClientSettings clientSettings = (ClientSettings) packet;
+    if (packet instanceof ClientSettingsPacket) {
+      final ClientSettingsPacket clientSettings = (ClientSettingsPacket) packet;
 
       // Validate the locale using a regex to filter unwanted characters.
       checkFrame(validateClientLocale(user, clientSettings.getLocale()), "invalid locale");
 
       // Clients sometimes mess up the ClientSettings or PluginMessage packet.
-      if (state == State.CLIENT_SETTINGS) {
-        state = State.PLUGIN_MESSAGE;
+      // Probably caused by some weird race condition in Minecraft 1.13+
+      if (user.getState() == CLIENT_SETTINGS) {
+        user.setState(PLUGIN_MESSAGE);
       }
 
       // Make sure we mark the ClientSettings as valid
       resolvedClientSettings = true;
+      return;
     }
 
-    if (packet instanceof PluginMessage) {
-      final PluginMessage pluginMessage = (PluginMessage) packet;
+    if (packet instanceof PluginMessagePacket) {
+      final PluginMessagePacket pluginMessage = (PluginMessagePacket) packet;
 
       // Only the brand channel is important, drop the rest
       if (pluginMessage.getChannel().equals("MC|Brand")
@@ -390,11 +400,11 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
 
         // Validate the client branding using a regex to filter unwanted characters.
         if (Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getBrand().isEnabled()) {
-          checkFrame(validateClientBrand(user, pluginMessage.content()), "invalid client brand");
+          checkFrame(validateClientBrand(user, pluginMessage.getSlicedBuffer()), "invalid client brand");
         }
 
         // Clients sometimes mess up the ClientSettings or PluginMessage packet.
-        if (state == State.PLUGIN_MESSAGE) {
+        if (user.getState() == PLUGIN_MESSAGE) {
           // Send the transaction packet
           sendTransaction();
         }
@@ -402,13 +412,14 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
         // Make sure we mark the PluginMessage as valid
         resolvedClientBrand = true;
       }
+      return;
     }
 
-    if (packet instanceof Transaction) {
+    if (packet instanceof TransactionPacket) {
       // Check if we are currently expecting a Transaction packet
-      assertState(State.TRANSACTION);
+      assertState(TRANSACTION);
 
-      final Transaction transaction = (Transaction) packet;
+      final TransactionPacket transaction = (TransactionPacket) packet;
 
       // The transaction should always be accepted
       checkFrame(transaction.isAccepted(), "transaction not accepted?!");
@@ -429,14 +440,15 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
         // the channel earlier when we teleported the player.
         user.getChannel().flush();
       }
+      return;
     }
 
-    if (packet instanceof TeleportConfirm) {
+    if (packet instanceof TeleportConfirmPacket) {
       // Check if we are currently expecting a TeleportConfirm packet
-      assertState(State.TELEPORT);
+      assertState(TELEPORT);
 
       // Check if the teleport ID is correct
-      final TeleportConfirm teleportConfirm = (TeleportConfirm) packet;
+      final TeleportConfirmPacket teleportConfirm = (TeleportConfirmPacket) packet;
       checkFrame(teleportConfirm.getTeleportId() == expectedTeleportId, "invalid teleport ID");
 
       // Reset all values to ensure safety on teleport
@@ -446,160 +458,194 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
 
       // Now we can send the chunk data
       sendChunkData();
+      return;
     }
 
-    if (state != State.LOGIN_ACK) {
-      if (packet instanceof Position) {
-        final Position position = (Position) packet;
+    if (user.getState() != LOGIN_ACK) {
+      if (packet instanceof PlayerPositionPacket) {
+        final PlayerPositionPacket position = (PlayerPositionPacket) packet;
         handlePositionUpdate(position.getX(), position.getY(), position.getZ(), position.isOnGround());
+        return;
       }
 
-      if (packet instanceof PositionLook) {
-        final PositionLook position = (PositionLook) packet;
+      if (packet instanceof PlayerPositionLookPacket) {
+        final PlayerPositionLookPacket position = (PlayerPositionLookPacket) packet;
         handlePositionUpdate(position.getX(), position.getY(), position.getZ(), position.isOnGround());
+        return;
       }
 
-      if (packet instanceof Player) {
-        final Player player = (Player) packet;
+      if (packet instanceof PlayerTickPacket) {
+        final PlayerTickPacket player = (PlayerTickPacket) packet;
         handlePositionUpdate(posX, posY, posZ, player.isOnGround());
       }
     }
   }
 
   private void handlePositionUpdate(final double x, final double y, final double z, final boolean ground) {
-    // 1.8 does not have a TeleportConfirm packet, so we need to handle the spawning differently
-    if (user.getProtocolVersion().compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_8) <= 0
-      && expectedTeleportId != -1 // Check if the teleport ID is currently unset
-      // Then, check if the position is equal to the spawn position
-      && x == SPAWN_X_POSITION && y == spawnYPosition && z == SPAWN_Z_POSITION) {
-      // Reset all values to ensure safety on teleport
-      tick = 1;
-      posY = -1;
-      expectedTeleportId = -1;
-    }
-
-    posX = x;
-    lastY = posY;
-    posY = y;
-    posZ = z;
-
-    // The player is not allowed to move away from the collision platform.
-    // This should not happen unless the max movement tick is configured to a high number.
-    checkFrame(Math.abs(x - BLOCKS_PER_ROW) < BLOCKS_PER_ROW, "moved too far (x)");
-    checkFrame(Math.abs(z - BLOCKS_PER_ROW) < BLOCKS_PER_ROW, "moved too far (z)");
-
-    // Check if the client hasn't moved before sending the first movement packet
-    if (!listenForMovements) {
-      if (posX == SPAWN_X_POSITION && posZ == SPAWN_Z_POSITION) {
-        // Now, once we verified the X and Z position, we can safely check for gravity
-        listenForMovements = true;
+    try {
+      // 1.8 does not have a TeleportConfirm packet, so we need to handle the spawning differently
+      if (user.getProtocolVersion().compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_8) <= 0
+        && expectedTeleportId != -1 // Check if the teleport ID is currently unset
+        // Then, check if the position is equal to the spawn position
+        && x == SPAWN_X_POSITION && y == spawnYPosition && z == SPAWN_Z_POSITION) {
+        // Reset all values to ensure safety on teleport
+        tick = 1;
+        posY = -1;
+        expectedTeleportId = -1;
+        // Check for ground state in the first packet
+        checkFrame(!ground, "invalid ground state");
       }
 
-      lastY = spawnYPosition;
-      return;
-    }
+      posX = x;
+      lastY = posY;
+      posY = y;
+      posZ = z;
 
-    final double deltaY = lastY - y;
-    // The deltaY is 0 whenever the player sends their first position packet.
-    // We have to account for this or the player will fail the verification.
-    if (deltaY == 0) {
-      // Check for too many ignored Y ticks
-      final int maxIgnoredTicks = Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getGravity().getMaxIgnoredTicks();
-      checkFrame(++ignoredMovementTicks < maxIgnoredTicks, "too many ignored ticks");
-      return;
-    }
+      // The player is not allowed to move away from the collision platform.
+      // This should not happen unless the max movement tick is configured to a high number.
+      checkFrame(Math.abs(x - BLOCKS_PER_ROW) < BLOCKS_PER_ROW, "moved too far (x)");
+      checkFrame(Math.abs(z - BLOCKS_PER_ROW) < BLOCKS_PER_ROW, "moved too far (z)");
 
-    // Calculate the difference between the player's Y coordinate and the expected Y coordinate
-    double collisionOffsetY = (DEFAULT_Y_COLLIDE_POSITION + blockType.getBlockHeight()) - y;
-    if (user.getProtocolVersion().compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_8) < 0) {
-      collisionOffsetY += 1.62f; // 1.7 is weird and sends the head position instead of the AABB minY
-    }
+      // Check if the client hasn't moved before sending the first movement packet
+      if (!listenForMovements) {
+        if (posX == SPAWN_X_POSITION && posZ == SPAWN_Z_POSITION) {
+          // Now, once we verified the X and Z position, we can safely check for gravity
+          listenForMovements = true;
+        }
 
-    // Check if the player is colliding by performing a basic Y offset check.
-    // The offset cannot be greater than 0 since the blocks will not let the player fall through them.
-    checkFrame(collisionOffsetY <= 0, "fell through blocks: " + collisionOffsetY);
-
-    if (tick > maxMovementTick) {
-      // Log/debug position if enabled in the configuration
-      if (Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().isDebugXYZPositions()) {
-        FALLBACK.getLogger().info("{}: {}/{}/{} - deltaY: {} - ground: {} - collision: {}",
-          username, x, y, z, deltaY, ground, collisionOffsetY);
-      }
-
-      // If the collision check is disabled, finish verification
-      if (!Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getGravity().isCheckCollisions()) {
-        captchaOrFinish();
+        lastY = spawnYPosition;
         return;
       }
 
-      // Perform the collision check
-      if (ground) {
-        // Make sure the player is actually colliding with the blocks and not only spoofing ground
-        checkFrame(collisionOffsetY > -0.03, "illegal collision: " + collisionOffsetY);
-        // The player is colliding to blocks, finish verification
-        captchaOrFinish();
-        return;
+      final double deltaY = lastY - y;
+      // The deltaY is 0 whenever the player sends their first position packet.
+      // We have to account for this or the player will fail the verification.
+      if (deltaY == 0) return;
+
+      // Calculate the difference between the player's Y coordinate and the expected Y coordinate
+      double collisionOffsetY = (DEFAULT_Y_COLLIDE_POSITION + blockType.getBlockHeight()) - y;
+      if (user.getProtocolVersion().compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_8) < 0) {
+        collisionOffsetY += 1.62f; // 1.7 is weird and sends the head position instead of the AABB minY
+      }
+
+      // Check if the player is colliding by performing a basic Y offset check.
+      // The offset cannot be greater than 0 since the blocks will not let the player fall through them.
+      checkFrame(collisionOffsetY <= 0, "fell through blocks: " + collisionOffsetY);
+
+      if (tick > maxMovementTick) {
+        // Log/debug position if enabled in the configuration
+        if (Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().isDebugXYZPositions()) {
+          FALLBACK.getLogger().info("{}: {}/{}/{} - deltaY: {} - ground: {} - collision: {}",
+            username, x, y, z, deltaY, ground, collisionOffsetY);
+        }
+
+        // If the collision check is disabled, finish verification
+        if (!performCollisions) {
+          vehicleCheckOrNext();
+          return;
+        }
+
+        // Perform the collision check
+        if (ground) {
+          // Make sure the player is actually colliding with the blocks and not only spoofing ground
+          checkFrame(collisionOffsetY > -0.03, "illegal collision: " + collisionOffsetY);
+          // The player is colliding to blocks, finish verification
+          vehicleCheckOrNext();
+          return;
+        } else {
+          // Make sure the player is colliding with blocks but is sending an invalid ground state
+          checkFrame(collisionOffsetY != 0, "no ground: " + collisionOffsetY);
+        }
       } else {
-        // Make sure the player is colliding with blocks but is sending an invalid ground state
-        checkFrame(collisionOffsetY != 0, "no ground: " + collisionOffsetY);
-      }
-    } else {
-      // Check if the player is spoofing the ground state
-      checkFrame(!ground, "spoofed ground state");
-    }
-
-    // Make sure we don't run out of predicted Y motions
-    checkFrame(tick < preparedCachedYMotions.length, "too many movements");
-
-    if (!ground) {
-      final double predictedY = preparedCachedYMotions[tick];
-      final double offsetY = Math.abs(deltaY - predictedY);
-
-      // Log/debug position if enabled in the configuration
-      if (Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().isDebugXYZPositions()) {
-        FALLBACK.getLogger().info("{}: {}/{}/{} - deltaY: {} - prediction: {} - offset: {}",
-          username, x, y, z, deltaY, predictedY, offsetY);
+        // Check if the player is spoofing the ground state
+        checkFrame(!ground, "spoofed ground state");
       }
 
-      // Check if the y motion is roughly equal to the predicted value
-      checkFrame(offsetY < 0.005, String.format("invalid gravity: %d, %.7f, %.10f, %.10f != %.10f",
-        tick, y, offsetY, deltaY, predictedY));
-    }
-    tick++;
-  }
+      // Make sure we don't run out of predicted Y motions
+      checkFrame(tick < preparedCachedYMotions.length, "too many movements");
 
-  private void captchaOrFinish() {
-    if (FALLBACK.shouldDoMapCaptcha()) {
-      if (MapInfoPreparer.getPreparedCAPTCHAs() == 0) {
-        // This should not happen, but we have to return if there is no captcha prepared
-        user.disconnect(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getCurrentlyPreparing());
+      if (!ground) {
+        final double predictedY = preparedCachedYMotions[tick];
+        final double offsetY = Math.abs(deltaY - predictedY);
+
+        // Log/debug position if enabled in the configuration
+        if (Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().isDebugXYZPositions()) {
+          FALLBACK.getLogger().info("{}: {}/{}/{} - deltaY: {} - prediction: {} - offset: {}",
+            username, x, y, z, deltaY, predictedY, offsetY);
+        }
+
+        // Check if the y motion is roughly equal to the predicted value
+        checkFrame(offsetY < 0.005, String.format("invalid gravity: %d, %.7f, %.10f, %.10f != %.10f",
+          tick, y, offsetY, deltaY, predictedY));
+      }
+      tick++;
+    } catch (CorruptedFrameException exception) {
+      // Do not throw the exception if the user configured to display the CAPTCHA instead
+      if (Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getGravity().isCaptchaOnFail()) {
+        handleCAPTCHA();
         return;
       }
-      // Set the state to MAP_CAPTCHA, so we don't handle any unnecessary packets
-      state = State.MAP_CAPTCHA;
-      if (!Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getGravity().isEnabled()
-        && user.getProtocolVersion().compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_18_2) >= 0) {
-        // Make sure the player escapes the 1.18.2+ "Loading terrain" screen
-        user.delayedWrite(CAPTCHA_SPAWN_POSITION);
-      }
-      // Initialize the map captcha
-      handleMapCaptcha();
-    } else {
-      // Finish the verification
-      finish();
+      // Interrupt the netty eventLoop to immediately stop further processing
+      throw new DecoderException(exception);
     }
   }
 
-  private void handleMapCaptcha() {
+  // TODO: Maybe recode the flow with a better state system?
+  private void vehicleCheckOrNext() {
+    if (performVehicle) {
+      // Initialize the vehicle check
+      handleVehicleCheck();
+      return;
+    }
+    captchaOrNext();
+  }
+
+  private void captchaOrNext() {
+    if (performCaptcha) {
+      // Initialize the map captcha
+      handleCAPTCHA();
+      return;
+    }
+    // Finish the verification
+    finish();
+  }
+
+  private void handleVehicleCheck() {
+    // Set the state to VEHICLE, so we don't handle any unnecessary packets
+    user.setState(VEHICLE);
+    // Send the necessary packets to mount the player on the vehicle
+    final int vehicleType = EntityType.BOAT.getId(user.getProtocolVersion());
+    user.delayedWrite(new SpawnEntityPacket(VEHICLE_ENTITY_ID, vehicleType, posX, posY, posZ));
+    user.delayedWrite(setPassengers);
+    user.getChannel().flush();
+  }
+
+  private void handleCAPTCHA() {
+    // Set the state to CAPTCHA, so we don't handle any unnecessary packets
+    user.setState(CAPTCHA);
+    if (!MAP_INFO_PREPARER.isCaptchaAvailable()) {
+      // This should not happen, but we have to return if there is no captcha prepared
+      user.disconnect(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getCurrentlyPreparing());
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!performGravity
+      && user.getProtocolVersion().compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_18_2) >= 0) {
+      // Make sure the player escapes the 1.18.2+ "Loading terrain" screen
+      user.delayedWrite(CAPTCHA_SPAWN_POSITION);
+    }
+    if (performVehicle) {
+      // Make sure the player exits the vehicle before sending the CAPTCHA
+      user.delayedWrite(removeEntities);
+    }
     // Reset max tries
     captchaTriesLeft = Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMap().getMaxTries();
 
     // Set slot to map
-    user.delayedWrite(new SetSlot(0, 36, 1, 0,
-      ItemMapType.FILLED_MAP.getId(user.getProtocolVersion()), SetSlot.MAP_NBT));
+    user.delayedWrite(new SetSlotPacket(0, 36, 1, 0,
+      ItemType.FILLED_MAP.getId(user.getProtocolVersion()), SetSlotPacket.MAP_NBT));
     // Send random captcha to the player
-    captcha = MapInfoPreparer.getRandomCaptcha();
-    Objects.requireNonNull(captcha).write(user);
+    captcha = MAP_INFO_PREPARER.getRandomCaptcha();
+    Objects.requireNonNull(captcha).delayedWrite(user);
     // Teleport the player to the position above the platform
     user.delayedWrite(CAPTCHA_POSITION);
     // Make sure the player cannot move
@@ -611,9 +657,11 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
   }
 
   private void finish() {
-    state = State.SUCCESS;
+    // Make sure we drop all further packets
+    user.setState(SUCCESS);
 
-    FALLBACK.getConnected().remove(username);
+    // Increment amount of total successful verifications
+    GlobalSonarStatistics.totalSuccessfulVerifications++;
 
     // Add verified player to the database
     final VerifiedPlayer verifiedPlayer = new VerifiedPlayer(user.getInetAddress().toString(), playerUuid,
@@ -636,7 +684,8 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
    *
    * @param expectedState Expected state
    */
-  private void assertState(final @NotNull State expectedState) {
+  private void assertState(final @NotNull FallbackUserState expectedState) {
+    final FallbackUserState state = user.getState();
     checkFrame(state == expectedState, "expected " + expectedState + ", got " + state);
   }
 
@@ -646,9 +695,14 @@ public final class FallbackVerificationHandler implements FallbackPacketListener
    * @param condition Condition to fail if it's false
    * @param message   Messages displayed in the stacktrace
    */
-  private void checkFrame(final boolean condition, final String message) {
+  private void checkFrame(final boolean condition, final @NotNull String message) {
     if (!condition) {
-      user.fail(message);
+      // Only fail the player if we are either not in the POSITION state,
+      // or if the user configured Sonar to display a CAPTCHA instead of failing.
+      if (user.getState() != POSITION
+        || !Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getGravity().isCaptchaOnFail()) {
+        user.fail(message);
+      }
       throw new CorruptedFrameException(message);
     }
   }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/netty/FastUUID.java

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
-package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.netty;
+package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.netty;
 
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import java.util.UUID;
 // Taken from
 // https://github.com/PaperMC/Velocity/blob/dev/3.0.0/api/src/main/java/com/velocitypowered/api/util/FastUuidSansHyphens.java
 public final class FastUUID {
+  public static final UUID EMPTY_UUID = new UUID(0L, 0L);
   private static final int MOJANG_BROKEN_UUID_LENGTH = 32;
 
   private static final char[] HEX_DIGITS =

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/FallbackPacketDecoder.java

@@ -98,10 +98,6 @@ public final class FallbackPacketDecoder extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
         // Release the ByteBuf to avoid memory leaks
         byteBuf.release();
       }
-    } else {
-      // Packets are always ByteBufs - if we detect an unknown object, fail verification
-      user.fail("packet is not a ByteBuf");
-      throw new CorruptedFrameException("Packet is not a ByteBuf?!");
     }
   }
 

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/FallbackPacketRegistry.java

@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@ import io.netty.util.collection.IntObjectMap;
 import lombok.Data;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.config.FinishConfiguration;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.config.RegistryData;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.login.LoginAcknowledged;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.login.LoginSuccess;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.config.FinishConfigurationPacket;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.config.RegistryDataPacket;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.login.LoginAcknowledgedPacket;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.login.LoginSuccessPacket;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.play.*;
 
 import java.util.*;
@@ -38,37 +38,40 @@ import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion.*;
 public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
   LOGIN {
     {
-      serverbound.register(LoginAcknowledged.class, LoginAcknowledged::new,
+      serverbound.register(LoginAcknowledgedPacket.class, LoginAcknowledgedPacket::new,
         map(0x03, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, false));
 
-      clientbound.register(LoginSuccess.class, LoginSuccess::new,
+      clientbound.register(LoginSuccessPacket.class, LoginSuccessPacket::new,
         map(0x02, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, false));
+
+      clientbound.register(DisconnectPacket.class, DisconnectPacket::new,
+        map(0x00, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, true));
     }
   },
   CONFIG {
     {
-      clientbound.register(Disconnect.class, Disconnect::new,
+      clientbound.register(DisconnectPacket.class, DisconnectPacket::new,
         map(0x01, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, true));
-      clientbound.register(FinishConfiguration.class, FinishConfiguration::new,
+      clientbound.register(FinishConfigurationPacket.class, FinishConfigurationPacket::new,
         map(0x02, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, false));
-      clientbound.register(KeepAlive.class, KeepAlive::new,
+      clientbound.register(KeepAlivePacket.class, KeepAlivePacket::new,
         map(0x03, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, false));
-      clientbound.register(RegistryData.class, RegistryData::new,
+      clientbound.register(RegistryDataPacket.class, RegistryDataPacket::new,
         map(0x05, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, true));
 
-      serverbound.register(ClientSettings.class, ClientSettings::new,
+      serverbound.register(ClientSettingsPacket.class, ClientSettingsPacket::new,
         map(0x00, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, false));
-      serverbound.register(PluginMessage.class, PluginMessage::new,
+      serverbound.register(PluginMessagePacket.class, PluginMessagePacket::new,
         map(0x01, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, false));
-      serverbound.register(FinishConfiguration.class, FinishConfiguration::new,
+      serverbound.register(FinishConfigurationPacket.class, FinishConfigurationPacket::new,
         map(0x02, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, false));
-      serverbound.register(KeepAlive.class, KeepAlive::new,
+      serverbound.register(KeepAlivePacket.class, KeepAlivePacket::new,
         map(0x03, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, false));
     }
   },
   GAME {
     {
-      clientbound.register(JoinGame.class, JoinGame::new,
+      clientbound.register(JoinGamePacket.class, JoinGamePacket::new,
         map(0x01, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, true),
         map(0x23, MINECRAFT_1_9, true),
         map(0x25, MINECRAFT_1_13, true),
@@ -82,7 +85,7 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x24, MINECRAFT_1_19_3, true),
         map(0x28, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, true),
         map(0x29, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, true));
-      clientbound.register(KeepAlive.class, KeepAlive::new,
+      clientbound.register(KeepAlivePacket.class, KeepAlivePacket::new,
         map(0x00, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, false),
         map(0x1F, MINECRAFT_1_9, false),
         map(0x21, MINECRAFT_1_13, false),
@@ -96,7 +99,7 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x1F, MINECRAFT_1_19_3, false),
         map(0x23, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, false),
         map(0x24, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, false));
-      clientbound.register(Disconnect.class, Disconnect::new,
+      clientbound.register(DisconnectPacket.class, DisconnectPacket::new,
         map(0x40, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, true),
         map(0x1A, MINECRAFT_1_9, true),
         map(0x1B, MINECRAFT_1_13, true),
@@ -110,7 +113,7 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x17, MINECRAFT_1_19_3, true),
         map(0x1A, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, true),
         map(0x1B, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, true));
-      clientbound.register(PositionLook.class, PositionLook::new,
+      clientbound.register(PlayerPositionLookPacket.class, PlayerPositionLookPacket::new,
         map(0x08, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, true),
         map(0x2E, MINECRAFT_1_9, true),
         map(0x2F, MINECRAFT_1_12_1, true),
@@ -125,7 +128,7 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x38, MINECRAFT_1_19_3, true),
         map(0x3C, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, true),
         map(0x3E, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, true));
-      clientbound.register(Abilities.class, Abilities::new,
+      clientbound.register(ClientAbilitiesPacket.class, ClientAbilitiesPacket::new,
         map(0x39, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, true),
         map(0x2B, MINECRAFT_1_9, true),
         map(0x2C, MINECRAFT_1_12_1, true),
@@ -140,7 +143,7 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x30, MINECRAFT_1_19_3, true),
         map(0x34, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, true),
         map(0x36, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, true));
-      clientbound.register(EmptyChunkData.class, EmptyChunkData::new,
+      clientbound.register(ChunkDataPacket.class, ChunkDataPacket::new,
         map(0x21, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, true),
         map(0x20, MINECRAFT_1_9, true),
         map(0x22, MINECRAFT_1_13, true),
@@ -154,7 +157,42 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x20, MINECRAFT_1_19_3, true),
         map(0x24, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, true),
         map(0x25, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, true));
-      clientbound.register(UpdateSectionBlocks.class, UpdateSectionBlocks::new,
+      clientbound.register(RemoveEntitiesPacket.class, RemoveEntitiesPacket::new,
+        map(0x13, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, true),
+        map(0x30, MINECRAFT_1_9, true),
+        map(0x31, MINECRAFT_1_12, true),
+        map(0x32, MINECRAFT_1_12_2, true),
+        map(0x35, MINECRAFT_1_13, true),
+        map(0x37, MINECRAFT_1_14, true),
+        map(0x38, MINECRAFT_1_15, true),
+        map(0x37, MINECRAFT_1_16, true),
+        map(0x36, MINECRAFT_1_16_2, true),
+        map(0x3A, MINECRAFT_1_17, true),
+        map(0x38, MINECRAFT_1_19, true),
+        map(0x3B, MINECRAFT_1_19_1, true),
+        map(0x3A, MINECRAFT_1_19_3, true),
+        map(0x3E, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, true),
+        map(0x3E, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, true),
+        map(0x40, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, true));
+      clientbound.register(SetPassengersPacket.class, SetPassengersPacket::new,
+        map(0x1B, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, true),
+        map(0x40, MINECRAFT_1_9, true),
+        map(0x42, MINECRAFT_1_12, true),
+        map(0x43, MINECRAFT_1_12_1, true),
+        map(0x46, MINECRAFT_1_13, true),
+        map(0x4A, MINECRAFT_1_14, true),
+        map(0x4B, MINECRAFT_1_15, true),
+        map(0x54, MINECRAFT_1_17, true),
+        map(0x57, MINECRAFT_1_19_1, true),
+        map(0x55, MINECRAFT_1_19_3, true),
+        map(0x59, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, true),
+        map(0x5B, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, true),
+        map(0x5D, MINECRAFT_1_20_3, true));
+      clientbound.register(SpawnEntityPacket.class, SpawnEntityPacket::new,
+        map(0x0E, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, true),
+        map(0x00, MINECRAFT_1_9, true),
+        map(0x01, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, true));
+      clientbound.register(UpdateSectionBlocksPacket.class, UpdateSectionBlocksPacket::new,
         map(0x22, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, true),
         map(0x10, MINECRAFT_1_9, true),
         map(0x0F, MINECRAFT_1_13, true),
@@ -168,7 +206,7 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x43, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, true),
         map(0x45, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, true),
         map(0x47, MINECRAFT_1_20_3, true));
-      clientbound.register(Transaction.class, Transaction::new,
+      clientbound.register(TransactionPacket.class, TransactionPacket::new,
         map(0x32, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, true),
         map(0x11, MINECRAFT_1_9, true),
         map(0x12, MINECRAFT_1_13, true),
@@ -181,7 +219,7 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x2E, MINECRAFT_1_19_3, true),
         map(0x32, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, true),
         map(0x33, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, true));
-      clientbound.register(DefaultSpawnPosition.class, DefaultSpawnPosition::new,
+      clientbound.register(DefaultSpawnPositionPacket.class, DefaultSpawnPositionPacket::new,
         map(0x05, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, true),
         map(0x43, MINECRAFT_1_9, true),
         map(0x45, MINECRAFT_1_12, true),
@@ -197,7 +235,7 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x50, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, true),
         map(0x52, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, true),
         map(0x54, MINECRAFT_1_20_3, true));
-      clientbound.register(MapData.class, MapData::new,
+      clientbound.register(MapDataPacket.class, MapDataPacket::new,
         map(0x34, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, true),
         map(0x24, MINECRAFT_1_9, true),
         map(0x26, MINECRAFT_1_13, true),
@@ -210,7 +248,7 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x25, MINECRAFT_1_19_3, true),
         map(0x29, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, true),
         map(0x2A, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, true));
-      clientbound.register(SetSlot.class, SetSlot::new,
+      clientbound.register(SetSlotPacket.class, SetSlotPacket::new,
         map(0x2F, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, true),
         map(0x16, MINECRAFT_1_9, true),
         map(0x17, MINECRAFT_1_13, true),
@@ -223,7 +261,7 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x12, MINECRAFT_1_19_3, true),
         map(0x14, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, true),
         map(0x15, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, true));
-      clientbound.register(Chat.class, Chat::new,
+      clientbound.register(UniversalChatPacket.class, UniversalChatPacket::new,
         map(0x02, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, false),
         map(0x0F, MINECRAFT_1_9, false),
         map(0x0E, MINECRAFT_1_13, false),
@@ -236,10 +274,24 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x64, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, false),
         map(0x67, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, false),
         map(0x69, MINECRAFT_1_20_3, false));
-      clientbound.register(GameEvent.class, GameEvent::new,
+      clientbound.register(GameEventPacket.class, GameEventPacket::new,
         map(0x20, MINECRAFT_1_20_3, true));
 
-      serverbound.register(Chat.class, Chat::new,
+      serverbound.register(PlayerInputPacket.class, PlayerInputPacket::new,
+        map(0x0C, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, false),
+        map(0x15, MINECRAFT_1_9, false),
+        map(0x16, MINECRAFT_1_12, false),
+        map(0x1A, MINECRAFT_1_13, false),
+        map(0x1C, MINECRAFT_1_14, false),
+        map(0x1D, MINECRAFT_1_16, false),
+        map(0x1C, MINECRAFT_1_17, false),
+        map(0x1E, MINECRAFT_1_19, false),
+        map(0x1F, MINECRAFT_1_19_1, false),
+        map(0x1E, MINECRAFT_1_19_3, false),
+        map(0x1F, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, false),
+        map(0x22, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, false),
+        map(0x23, MINECRAFT_1_20_3, false));
+      serverbound.register(UniversalChatPacket.class, UniversalChatPacket::new,
         map(0x01, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, false),
         map(0x02, MINECRAFT_1_9, false),
         map(0x03, MINECRAFT_1_12, false),
@@ -248,7 +300,7 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x04, MINECRAFT_1_19, false),
         map(0x05, MINECRAFT_1_19_1, false),
         map(0x05, MINECRAFT_1_19_3, false));
-      serverbound.register(KeepAlive.class, KeepAlive::new,
+      serverbound.register(KeepAlivePacket.class, KeepAlivePacket::new,
         map(0x00, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, false),
         map(0x0B, MINECRAFT_1_9, false),
         map(0x0C, MINECRAFT_1_12, false),
@@ -263,7 +315,7 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x12, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, false),
         map(0x14, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, false),
         map(0x15, MINECRAFT_1_20_3, false));
-      serverbound.register(ClientSettings.class, ClientSettings::new,
+      serverbound.register(ClientSettingsPacket.class, ClientSettingsPacket::new,
         map(0x15, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, false),
         map(0x04, MINECRAFT_1_9, false),
         map(0x05, MINECRAFT_1_12, false),
@@ -274,7 +326,7 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x07, MINECRAFT_1_19_3, false),
         map(0x08, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, false),
         map(0x09, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, false));
-      serverbound.register(PluginMessage.class, PluginMessage::new,
+      serverbound.register(PluginMessagePacket.class, PluginMessagePacket::new,
         map(0x17, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, false),
         map(0x09, MINECRAFT_1_9, false),
         map(0x0A, MINECRAFT_1_12, false),
@@ -287,7 +339,7 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x0C, MINECRAFT_1_19_3, false),
         map(0x0D, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, false),
         map(0x0F, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, false));
-      serverbound.register(PositionLook.class, PositionLook::new,
+      serverbound.register(PlayerPositionLookPacket.class, PlayerPositionLookPacket::new,
         map(0x06, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, false),
         map(0x0D, MINECRAFT_1_9, false),
         map(0x0F, MINECRAFT_1_12, false),
@@ -302,9 +354,9 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x15, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, false),
         map(0x17, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, false),
         map(0x18, MINECRAFT_1_20_3, false));
-      serverbound.register(TeleportConfirm.class, TeleportConfirm::new,
+      serverbound.register(TeleportConfirmPacket.class, TeleportConfirmPacket::new,
         map(0x00, MINECRAFT_1_9, false));
-      serverbound.register(Position.class, Position::new,
+      serverbound.register(PlayerPositionPacket.class, PlayerPositionPacket::new,
         map(0x04, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, false),
         map(0x0C, MINECRAFT_1_9, false),
         map(0x0E, MINECRAFT_1_12, false),
@@ -319,7 +371,7 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x14, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, false),
         map(0x16, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, false),
         map(0x17, MINECRAFT_1_20_3, false));
-      serverbound.register(Player.class, Player::new,
+      serverbound.register(PlayerTickPacket.class, PlayerTickPacket::new,
         map(0x03, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, false),
         map(0x0F, MINECRAFT_1_9, false),
         map(0x0D, MINECRAFT_1_12, false),
@@ -334,7 +386,7 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
         map(0x17, MINECRAFT_1_19_4, false),
         map(0x19, MINECRAFT_1_20_2, false),
         map(0x1A, MINECRAFT_1_20_3, false));
-      serverbound.register(Transaction.class, Transaction::new,
+      serverbound.register(TransactionPacket.class, TransactionPacket::new,
         map(0x0F, MINECRAFT_1_7_2, false),
         map(0x05, MINECRAFT_1_9, false),
         map(0x06, MINECRAFT_1_12, false),
@@ -370,7 +422,7 @@ public enum FallbackPacketRegistry {
     PacketRegistry() {
       final Map<ProtocolVersion, ProtocolRegistry> mutableVersions = new EnumMap<>(ProtocolVersion.class);
       for (final ProtocolVersion version : ProtocolVersion.values()) {
-        if (!version.isLegacy() && !version.isUnknown()) {
+        if (!version.isUnknown()) {
           mutableVersions.put(version, new ProtocolRegistry(version));
         }
       }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/FallbackPreparer.java

@@ -23,38 +23,53 @@ import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.config.SonarConfiguration;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.block.BlockPosition;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.block.BlockType;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.block.ChangedBlock;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.map.MapInfoPreparer;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.config.FinishConfiguration;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.config.RegistryData;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.map.CaptchaPreparer;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.config.FinishConfigurationPacket;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.config.RegistryDataPacket;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.play.*;
 
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
+
 @UtilityClass
 public class FallbackPreparer {
 
   // Abilities
-  public final FallbackPacket DEFAULT_ABILITIES = new Abilities(0x00, 0f, 0f);
-  public final FallbackPacket CAPTCHA_ABILITIES = new Abilities(0x02, 0f, 0f);
+  public final FallbackPacket DEFAULT_ABILITIES = new ClientAbilitiesPacket(0x00, 0f, 0f);
+  public final FallbackPacket CAPTCHA_ABILITIES = new ClientAbilitiesPacket(0x02, 0f, 0f);
   // Chunks
-  public final FallbackPacket EMPTY_CHUNK_DATA = new EmptyChunkData(0, 0);
+  public final FallbackPacket EMPTY_CHUNK_DATA = new ChunkDataPacket(0, 0);
   // Finish Configuration
-  public final FallbackPacket FINISH_CONFIGURATION = new FinishConfiguration();
+  public final FallbackPacket FINISH_CONFIGURATION = new FinishConfigurationPacket();
   // Synchronize Registry
-  public final FallbackPacket REGISTRY_SYNC = new RegistryData();
+  public final FallbackPacket REGISTRY_SYNC = new RegistryDataPacket();
   // Keep Alive
-  public final FallbackPacket CAPTCHA_KEEP_ALIVE = new KeepAlive(0L);
+  public final FallbackPacket CAPTCHA_KEEP_ALIVE = new KeepAlivePacket(0L);
   // Game Event (1.20.3+)
-  public final FallbackPacket START_WRITING_CHUNKS = new GameEvent(13, 0);
+  public final FallbackPacket START_WRITING_CHUNKS = new GameEventPacket(13, 0);
   // Chat
   public FallbackPacket enterCodeMessage;
-  public FallbackPacket youAreBeingChecked;
   public FallbackPacket incorrectCaptcha;
   // JoinGame
+  public final int PLAYER_ENTITY_ID = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(10);
   public FallbackPacket joinGame;
   // Update Section Blocks
   public FallbackPacket updateSectionBlocks;
   // Default Spawn Position
   public FallbackPacket dynamicSpawnPosition;
 
+  // Disconnect messages
+  public FallbackPacket blacklisted;
+  public FallbackPacket alreadyQueued;
+  public FallbackPacket alreadyVerifying;
+  public FallbackPacket reconnectedTooFast;
+  public FallbackPacket protocolBlacklisted;
+  public FallbackPacket invalidUsername;
+
+  // Vehicle
+  public FallbackPacket removeEntities;
+  public FallbackPacket setPassengers;
+  public static final int VEHICLE_ENTITY_ID = PLAYER_ENTITY_ID + 1;
+
   // Collisions
   public final int BLOCKS_PER_ROW = 8; // 8 * 8 = 64 (protocol maximum)
   public final int SPAWN_X_POSITION = 16 / 2; // middle of the chunk
@@ -62,9 +77,9 @@ public class FallbackPreparer {
   public final int DEFAULT_Y_COLLIDE_POSITION = 255; // 255 is the maximum Y position allowed
 
   // Captcha position
-  public final FallbackPacket CAPTCHA_POSITION = new PositionLook(
+  public final FallbackPacket CAPTCHA_POSITION = new PlayerPositionLookPacket(
     SPAWN_X_POSITION, 1337, SPAWN_Z_POSITION, 0f, 90f, 0, false);
-  public final FallbackPacket CAPTCHA_SPAWN_POSITION = new DefaultSpawnPosition(
+  public final FallbackPacket CAPTCHA_SPAWN_POSITION = new DefaultSpawnPositionPacket(
     SPAWN_X_POSITION, 1337, SPAWN_Z_POSITION);
 
   // Blocks
@@ -75,17 +90,15 @@ public class FallbackPreparer {
   public double[] preparedCachedYMotions;
   public double maxFallDistance;
 
+  // CAPTCHA
+  public final CaptchaPreparer MAP_INFO_PREPARER = new CaptchaPreparer();
+
   public void prepare() {
-    joinGame = new JoinGame(0,
+    joinGame = new JoinGamePacket(PLAYER_ENTITY_ID,
       Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getGravity().getGamemode().getId(),
-      0,
-      false,
-      0,
-      true,
-      true,
-      false,
-      new String[]{"minecraft:overworld"},
-      "minecraft:overworld");
+      0, false, 0,
+      true, false, false,
+      new String[]{"minecraft:overworld"}, "minecraft:overworld");
 
     maxFallDistance = 0;
     maxMovementTick = Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getGravity().getMaxMovementTicks();
@@ -99,7 +112,7 @@ public class FallbackPreparer {
 
     // Set the dynamic block and collide Y position based on the maximum fall distance
     dynamicSpawnYPosition = DEFAULT_Y_COLLIDE_POSITION + (int) Math.ceil(maxFallDistance);
-    dynamicSpawnPosition = new DefaultSpawnPosition(SPAWN_X_POSITION, dynamicSpawnYPosition, SPAWN_Z_POSITION);
+    dynamicSpawnPosition = new DefaultSpawnPositionPacket(SPAWN_X_POSITION, dynamicSpawnYPosition, SPAWN_Z_POSITION);
 
     // Prepare collision platform positions
     int index = 0;
@@ -115,19 +128,28 @@ public class FallbackPreparer {
     }
 
     // Prepare UpdateSectionBlocks packet
-    updateSectionBlocks = new UpdateSectionBlocks(0, 0, CHANGED_BLOCKS);
+    updateSectionBlocks = new UpdateSectionBlocksPacket(0, 0, CHANGED_BLOCKS);
 
-    // "You are being checked" message
-    if (Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getGravity().isEnabled()) {
-      youAreBeingChecked = new Chat(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getGravity().getYouAreBeingChecked());
+    // Prepare disconnect packets during login
+    blacklisted = DisconnectPacket.create(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getBlacklisted(), true);
+    alreadyVerifying = DisconnectPacket.create(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getAlreadyVerifying(), true);
+    alreadyQueued = DisconnectPacket.create(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getAlreadyQueued(), true);
+    protocolBlacklisted = DisconnectPacket.create(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getProtocolBlacklisted(), true);
+    reconnectedTooFast = DisconnectPacket.create(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getTooFastReconnect(), true);
+    invalidUsername = DisconnectPacket.create(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getInvalidUsername(), true);
+
+    // Precompute captcha answers
+    if (Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMap().getTiming() != SonarConfiguration.Verification.Timing.NEVER
+      || Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getGravity().isCaptchaOnFail()) {
+      enterCodeMessage = new UniversalChatPacket(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMap().getEnterCode(), UniversalChatPacket.SYSTEM_TYPE);
+      incorrectCaptcha = new UniversalChatPacket(
+        Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMap().getFailedCaptcha(), UniversalChatPacket.SYSTEM_TYPE);
+
+      MAP_INFO_PREPARER.prepare();
     }
 
-    if (Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMap().getTiming() != SonarConfiguration.Verification.Timing.NEVER) {
-      enterCodeMessage = new Chat(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMap().getEnterCode());
-      incorrectCaptcha = new Chat(Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMap().getFailedCaptcha());
-
-      // Precompute captcha answers
-      MapInfoPreparer.prepare();
-    }
+    // Prepare packets for the vehicle check
+    removeEntities = new RemoveEntitiesPacket(VEHICLE_ENTITY_ID);
+    setPassengers = new SetPassengersPacket(VEHICLE_ENTITY_ID, PLAYER_ENTITY_ID);
   }
 }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/map/CaptchaPreparer.java

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.map;
+
+import xyz.jonesdev.capja.CaptchaGenerator;
+import xyz.jonesdev.capja.CaptchaHolder;
+import xyz.jonesdev.capja.config.CaptchaConfiguration;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.config.SonarConfiguration;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.timer.SystemTimer;
+
+import java.awt.*;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+
+public final class CaptchaPreparer {
+  private static final ExecutorService PREPARATION_SERVICE = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
+  private static final Random RANDOM = new Random();
+
+  private MapCaptchaInfo[] cached;
+  private int preparedAmount;
+
+  public void prepare() {
+    // Make sure we're not preparing when Sonar is already preparing answers
+    if (cached != null && preparedAmount != cached.length) return;
+    preparedAmount = 0;
+
+    final SystemTimer timer = new SystemTimer();
+    Sonar.get().getLogger().info("Asynchronously preparing CAPTCHA answers...");
+    Sonar.get().getLogger().info("Players will be able to join even if the preparation isn't finished");
+
+    // Prepare cache
+    final SonarConfiguration.Verification.Map config = Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMap();
+    cached = new MapCaptchaInfo[config.getPrecomputeAmount()];
+
+    // Prepare everything asynchronously
+    PREPARATION_SERVICE.execute(() -> {
+      final List<String> fonts = config.getFonts();
+      if (fonts.isEmpty()) {
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException("No fonts specified!");
+      }
+
+      // Create the configuration for the image generation
+      final String[] fontNames = fonts.toArray(new String[0]);
+      final CaptchaConfiguration configuration = new CaptchaConfiguration(
+        128, 128, config.getDictionary().toCharArray(), 5,
+        config.isFlare(), config.isScratches(), config.isRipple(), config.isSmear(), config.isPinch(),
+        config.getSaturation(), config.getDistortion(), new int[]{Font.PLAIN, Font.BOLD}, fontNames);
+
+      for (int i = 0; i < config.getPrecomputeAmount(); i++) {
+        final CaptchaGenerator captchaGenerator = new CaptchaGenerator(configuration);
+        final CaptchaHolder captchaHolder = captchaGenerator.generate();
+        final byte[] buffer = MapColorPalette.getBufferFromImage(captchaHolder.getImage());
+        cached[i] = new MapCaptchaInfo(captchaHolder.getAnswer(), buffer);
+        preparedAmount++;
+      }
+
+      Sonar.get().getLogger().info("Finished preparing {} CAPTCHA answers ({}s)!", preparedAmount, timer);
+    });
+  }
+
+  public boolean isCaptchaAvailable() {
+    return cached != null && cached[0] != null;
+  }
+
+  public MapCaptchaInfo getRandomCaptcha() {
+    // Give the player a random CAPTCHA out of the ones that we've already prepared
+    return cached[RANDOM.nextInt(preparedAmount)];
+  }
+}

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/map/ItemType.java

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ import java.util.function.Function;
 
 @SuppressWarnings("unused")
 @RequiredArgsConstructor
-public enum ItemMapType {
+public enum ItemType {
   FILLED_MAP(protocolVersion -> {
     // Useful resources:
     // - https://github.com/PrismarineJS/minecraft-data/blob/master/data/pc/

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/map/MapCaptchaInfo.java

@@ -20,46 +20,46 @@ package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.map;
 import lombok.Getter;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.FallbackUser;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.play.MapData;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.play.MapDataPacket;
 
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_8;
 
 @Getter
-public final class PreparedMapInfo {
-  public static final int DIMENSIONS = (int) Math.pow(2, 7);
-  public static final int SCALE = DIMENSIONS * DIMENSIONS;
+public final class MapCaptchaInfo {
+  private final String answer;
+  private final byte[] buffer;
 
-  private final MapInfo info;
-  private final MapData[] legacy;
-  private final MapData modern;
+  private final MapDataPacket[] legacy;
+  private final MapDataPacket modern;
 
-  public PreparedMapInfo(final String answer,
-                         final int columns, final int rows,
-                         final byte @NotNull [] buffer) {
-    this.info = new MapInfo(answer, columns, rows, 0, 0, buffer);
+  public MapCaptchaInfo(final @NotNull String answer, final byte @NotNull [] buffer) {
+    this.answer = answer;
+    this.buffer = buffer;
 
     // Prepare 1.7 map data using a grid
-    final byte[][] grid = new byte[DIMENSIONS][DIMENSIONS];
+    final byte[][] grid = new byte[128][128];
     for (int i = 0; i < buffer.length; i++) {
       final byte buf = buffer[i];
       grid[i & Byte.MAX_VALUE][i >> 7] = buf;
     }
-    this.legacy = new MapData[grid.length];
+    this.legacy = new MapDataPacket[grid.length];
     for (int i = 0; i < grid.length; i++) {
-      this.legacy[i] = new MapData(new MapInfo(answer, DIMENSIONS, DIMENSIONS, i, 0, grid[i]));
+      this.legacy[i] = new MapDataPacket(grid[i], i, 0);
     }
 
     // Prepare 1.8+ map data
-    this.modern = new MapData(info);
+    this.modern = new MapDataPacket(buffer, 0, 0);
   }
 
-  public void write(final @NotNull FallbackUser user) {
-    if (user.getProtocolVersion().compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_8) < 0) {
-      for (final MapData data : legacy) {
-        user.delayedWrite(data);
-      }
-    } else {
+  public void delayedWrite(final @NotNull FallbackUser user) {
+    if (user.getProtocolVersion().compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_8) >= 0) {
       user.delayedWrite(modern);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // 1.7.2-1.7.10
+    for (final MapDataPacket legacyPacket : legacy) {
+      user.delayedWrite(legacyPacket);
     }
   }
 }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/map/MapColorPalette.java

@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.map;
+
+import lombok.experimental.UtilityClass;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+
+import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
+
+@UtilityClass
+public class MapColorPalette {
+  // https://minecraft.wiki/w/Map_item_format#Full_color_tables
+  public static final int[] COLOR_MAP = {
+    0,
+    0,
+    0,
+    0,
+    -10912473,
+    -9594576,
+    -8408520,
+    -12362211,
+    -5331853,
+    -2766452,
+    -530013,
+    -8225962,
+    -7697782,
+    -5658199,
+    -3815995,
+    -9934744,
+    -4980736,
+    -2359296,
+    -65536,
+    -7929856,
+    -9408332,
+    -7697700,
+    -6250241,
+    -11250553,
+    -9079435,
+    -7303024,
+    -5789785,
+    -10987432,
+    -16754944,
+    -16750080,
+    -16745472,
+    -16760576,
+    -4934476,
+    -2302756,
+    -1,
+    -7895161,
+    -9210239,
+    -7499618,
+    -5986120,
+    -11118495,
+    -8304095,
+    -6464728,
+    -4756945,
+    -10471400,
+    -11579569,
+    -10461088,
+    -9408400,
+    -12895429,
+    -10136525,
+    -8689858,
+    -7375032,
+    -11780314,
+    -13816396,
+    -13158436,
+    -12566273,
+    -14605945,
+    -4935252,
+    -2303533,
+    -779,
+    -7895679,
+    -6792924,
+    -4559572,
+    -2588877,
+    -9288933,
+    -8571496,
+    -6733382,
+    -5092136,
+    -10606478,
+    -12030824,
+    -10976070,
+    -10053160,
+    -13217422,
+    -6184668,
+    -3816148,
+    -1710797,
+    -8816357,
+    -10907631,
+    -9588715,
+    -8401895,
+    -12358643,
+    -5613196,
+    -3117682,
+    -884827,
+    -8371369,
+    -13290187,
+    -12500671,
+    -11776948,
+    -14145496,
+    -9671572,
+    -8092540,
+    -6710887,
+    -11447983,
+    -13280916,
+    -12489340,
+    -11763815,
+    -14138543,
+    -10933123,
+    -9619815,
+    -8437838,
+    -12377762,
+    -14404227,
+    -13876839,
+    -13415246,
+    -14997410,
+    -12045020,
+    -10993364,
+    -10073037,
+    -13228005,
+    -12035804,
+    -10982100,
+    -10059981,
+    -13221093,
+    -9690076,
+    -8115156,
+    -6737101,
+    -11461861,
+    -15658735,
+    -15395563,
+    -15132391,
+    -15921907,
+    -5199818,
+    -2634430,
+    -332211,
+    -8094168,
+    -12543338,
+    -11551561,
+    -10691627,
+  };
+
+  public byte[] getBufferFromImage(final @NotNull BufferedImage bufferedImage) {
+    final int width = bufferedImage.getWidth();
+    final int height = bufferedImage.getHeight();
+
+    final int[] pixels = new int[128 * 128];
+    final byte[] buffer = new byte[128 * 128];
+
+    bufferedImage.getRGB(0, 0, width, height, pixels, 0, width);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < pixels.length; i++) {
+      buffer[i] = mapColorToMinecraft(pixels[i]);
+    }
+    return buffer;
+  }
+
+  private byte mapColorToMinecraft(final int argb) {
+    int minDistance = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+    byte closestIndex = 0;
+    for (byte i = 0; i < COLOR_MAP.length; i++) {
+      final int distance = calculateColorDistance(argb, COLOR_MAP[i]);
+      if (distance < minDistance) {
+        minDistance = distance;
+        closestIndex = i;
+      }
+    }
+    return closestIndex;
+  }
+
+  private int calculateColorDistance(final int argb0, final int argb1) {
+    final int red0 = (argb0 >> 16) & 0xFF;
+    final int green0 = (argb0 >> 8) & 0xFF;
+    final int blue0 = argb0 & 0xFF;
+    final int red1 = (argb1 >> 16) & 0xFF;
+    final int green1 = (argb1 >> 8) & 0xFF;
+    final int blue1 = argb1 & 0xFF;
+    // Color distance metric (e.g. squared Euclidean distance)
+    return (red0 - red1) * (red0 - red1)
+      + (green0 - green1) * (green0 - green1)
+      + (blue0 - blue1) * (blue0 - blue1);
+  }
+}

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/map/MapInfoPreparer.java

@@ -1,248 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.map;
-
-import lombok.Getter;
-import lombok.experimental.UtilityClass;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.config.SonarConfiguration;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.timer.SystemTimer;
-
-import java.awt.*;
-import java.awt.font.FontRenderContext;
-import java.awt.font.GlyphVector;
-import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
-import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
-import java.util.Arrays;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Random;
-import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
-import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
-
-import static java.awt.Font.*;
-import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.map.PreparedMapInfo.DIMENSIONS;
-
-@UtilityClass
-public class MapInfoPreparer {
-  private final Random RANDOM = new Random();
-
-  private final ExecutorService PREPARATION_SERVICE = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
-
-  private final int[] FONT_STYLES = new int[]{
-    PLAIN,
-    BOLD,
-    ITALIC,
-    ITALIC | BOLD
-  };
-
-  private final int[][] COLOR_PALETTE = new int[][]{
-    new int[]{ // Blue
-      48,
-      49,
-      50,
-      51
-    },
-    new int[]{ // Orange
-      60,
-      61,
-      62,
-      63,
-    },
-    new int[]{ // Green
-      4,
-      28,
-      29,
-      30,
-    },
-    new int[]{ // Black
-      27,
-      45,
-      46,
-      47,
-    },
-    new int[]{ // Red
-      16,
-      17,
-      18,
-      19
-    }
-  };
-
-  private PreparedMapInfo[] cached;
-  @Getter
-  private int preparedCAPTCHAs;
-  private boolean currentlyPreparing;
-
-  public PreparedMapInfo getRandomCaptcha() {
-    return cached[RANDOM.nextInt(preparedCAPTCHAs)];
-  }
-
-  public void prepare() {
-    final SystemTimer timer = new SystemTimer();
-    Sonar.get().getLogger().info("Precomputing map captcha answers...");
-
-    // Make sure we're not running into concurrency issues
-    if (currentlyPreparing) {
-      Sonar.get().getLogger().warn("Did not precompute map captcha answers as another task is running.");
-      return;
-    }
-
-    // Reset all statistics
-    preparedCAPTCHAs = 0;
-    currentlyPreparing = true;
-    final SonarConfiguration.Verification.Map config = Sonar.get().getConfig().getVerification().getMap();
-    cached = null;
-    cached = new PreparedMapInfo[config.getPrecomputeAmount()];
-
-    // Prepare fonts from config
-    final String dictionary = config.getDictionary();
-    final List<String> fonts = config.getFonts();
-    if (fonts.isEmpty()) {
-      Sonar.get().getLogger().warn("No fonts found, using fallback font...");
-      fonts.add(DIALOG);
-    }
-    final String[] fontTypes = fonts.toArray(new String[0]);
-
-    // Prepare distortions values from config
-    final double distortionsFactorX = config.getDistortionsFactorX();
-    final double distortionsFactorY = config.getDistortionsFactorY();
-    final double halfDistortionsFactorX = distortionsFactorX / 2D;
-    final double halfDistortionsFactorY = distortionsFactorY / 2D;
-
-    for (int _i = 0; _i < cached.length; _i++) {
-      final int currentIndex = _i;
-      final byte[] buffer = new byte[PreparedMapInfo.SCALE];
-      PREPARATION_SERVICE.execute(() -> {
-        // Create image
-        final BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(DIMENSIONS, DIMENSIONS, BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR);
-        final Graphics2D graphics = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
-        try {
-          // Create random font
-          final String fontType = fontTypes[RANDOM.nextInt(fontTypes.length)];
-          final int fontStyle = FONT_STYLES[RANDOM.nextInt(FONT_STYLES.length)];
-          final int fontSize = 27
-            + (config.isRandomizeFontSize()
-            ? RANDOM.nextInt(6) - 2 : 5);
-          @SuppressWarnings("all") final Font answerFont = new Font(fontType, fontStyle, fontSize);
-          graphics.setFont(answerFont);
-
-          // Build answer to the captcha
-          final StringBuilder answerBuilder = new StringBuilder();
-          for (int _j = 0; _j < 5; _j++) {
-            answerBuilder.append(dictionary.charAt(RANDOM.nextInt(dictionary.length())));
-          }
-          final String answer = answerBuilder.toString();
-
-          // Calculate text position
-          final int stringWidth = graphics.getFontMetrics().stringWidth(answer);
-          final int halfWidth = image.getWidth() / 2;
-          final int halfHeight = image.getHeight() / 2;
-          final int spacing = 5;
-          double _x = halfWidth - stringWidth / 2f - spacing;
-          double _y = halfHeight + fontSize / 3f;
-
-          // Draw each character one by one
-          final FontRenderContext fontRenderContext = graphics.getFontRenderContext();
-          for (final char c : answer.toCharArray()) {
-            // Randomize x and y
-            if (config.isRandomizePositions()) {
-              _y += RANDOM.nextInt(8) - 4;
-            }
-
-            // Apply random distortion
-            final double distortionFactorX = RANDOM.nextDouble() * distortionsFactorX - halfDistortionsFactorX;
-            final double distortionFactorY = RANDOM.nextDouble() * distortionsFactorY - halfDistortionsFactorY;
-
-            // Create a GlyphVector for the character
-            final String character = String.valueOf(c);
-            final GlyphVector glyphVector = graphics.getFont().createGlyphVector(fontRenderContext, character);
-
-            // Apply the distortion to the GlyphVector using AffineTransform
-            final AffineTransform transform = AffineTransform.getTranslateInstance(_x, _y);
-            transform.shear(distortionFactorX, distortionFactorY);
-            final Shape distortedCharacter = glyphVector.getOutline();
-            final Shape distorted = transform.createTransformedShape(distortedCharacter);
-
-            // Draw the distorted character
-            graphics.fill(distorted);
-
-            // Update x by width
-            _x += glyphVector.getVisualBounds().getWidth() + spacing;
-          }
-
-          // TODO: Color converter
-          graphics.setColor(Color.RED);
-
-          // Draw random lines
-          for (int i = 0; i < config.getRandomLinesAmount(); i++) {
-            final int startX = RANDOM.nextInt(halfWidth);
-            final int startY = RANDOM.nextInt(halfHeight);
-            final int endX = halfWidth + RANDOM.nextInt(halfWidth);
-            final int endY = halfHeight + RANDOM.nextInt(halfHeight);
-
-            graphics.drawLine(startX, startY, endX, endY);
-          }
-
-          // Draw random ovals
-          for (int i = 0; i < config.getRandomOvalsAmount(); i++) {
-            final int startX = RANDOM.nextInt(halfWidth);
-            final int startY = RANDOM.nextInt(halfHeight);
-            final int endX = halfWidth + RANDOM.nextInt(halfWidth);
-            final int endY = halfHeight + RANDOM.nextInt(halfHeight);
-
-            graphics.drawOval(startX, startY, endX, endY);
-          }
-
-          // Select random color palette
-          final int[] colorPalette = COLOR_PALETTE[currentIndex % COLOR_PALETTE.length];
-          // Select the next color palette for geometry
-          final int[] nextColorPalette = COLOR_PALETTE[(currentIndex + 1) % COLOR_PALETTE.length];
-          // Clear background
-          Arrays.fill(buffer, (byte) 57);
-          // Color every pixel individually
-          final int spacingY = halfHeight - fontSize;
-          for (int x = spacing; x < image.getWidth() - spacing; x++) {
-            for (int y = spacingY; y < image.getHeight() - spacingY; y++) {
-              final int pixel = image.getRGB(x, y);
-              final int index = y * image.getWidth() + x;
-              if (pixel == -16777216 && RANDOM.nextInt(100) < 97) continue;
-              // Set color of pixel to random color from the palette
-              final byte color = (byte) (pixel == -16777216 ? RANDOM.nextInt(100) < 75 ? 14 :
-                RANDOM.nextInt(Byte.MAX_VALUE)
-                : pixel != -65536 ? colorPalette[RANDOM.nextInt(colorPalette.length)]
-                : nextColorPalette[RANDOM.nextInt(nextColorPalette.length)]);
-              // Write pixel color to buffer
-              buffer[index] = color;
-            }
-          }
-          // Cache buffer to map
-          cached[currentIndex] = new PreparedMapInfo(answer, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight(), buffer);
-        } finally {
-          // Dispose graphics
-          graphics.dispose();
-          // Finished?
-          if (currentIndex == cached.length - 1) {
-            Sonar.get().getLogger().info("Successfully precomputed map captcha answers in {}s!", timer);
-            currentlyPreparing = false;
-          }
-          preparedCAPTCHAs++;
-        }
-      });
-    }
-  }
-}

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/netty/DeferredByteBufHolder.java

@@ -1,136 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.netty;
-
-import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
-import io.netty.buffer.ByteBufHolder;
-import io.netty.util.IllegalReferenceCountException;
-import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
-import lombok.ToString;
-
-// Taken from
-// https://github.com/PaperMC/Velocity/blob/dev/3.0.0/proxy/src/main/java/com/velocitypowered/proxy/protocol/util/DeferredByteBufHolder.java
-@ToString
-@AllArgsConstructor
-public class DeferredByteBufHolder implements ByteBufHolder {
-  private ByteBuf backing;
-
-  @Override
-  public ByteBuf content() {
-    if (backing == null) {
-      throw new IllegalStateException("Trying to obtain contents of holder with a null buffer");
-    }
-    if (backing.refCnt() <= 0) {
-      throw new IllegalReferenceCountException(backing.refCnt());
-    }
-    return backing;
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public ByteBufHolder copy() {
-    if (backing == null) {
-      throw new IllegalStateException("Trying to obtain contents of holder with a null buffer");
-    }
-    return new DeferredByteBufHolder(backing.copy());
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public ByteBufHolder duplicate() {
-    if (backing == null) {
-      throw new IllegalStateException("Trying to obtain contents of holder with a null buffer");
-    }
-    return new DeferredByteBufHolder(backing.duplicate());
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public ByteBufHolder retainedDuplicate() {
-    if (backing == null) {
-      throw new IllegalStateException("Trying to obtain contents of holder with a null buffer");
-    }
-    return new DeferredByteBufHolder(backing.retainedDuplicate());
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public ByteBufHolder replace(final ByteBuf content) {
-    if (content == null) {
-      throw new NullPointerException("content");
-    }
-    backing = content;
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public int refCnt() {
-    if (backing == null) {
-      throw new IllegalStateException("Trying to obtain contents of holder with a null buffer");
-    }
-    return backing.refCnt();
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public ByteBufHolder retain() {
-    if (backing == null) {
-      throw new IllegalStateException("Trying to obtain contents of holder with a null buffer");
-    }
-    backing.retain();
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public ByteBufHolder retain(final int increment) {
-    if (backing == null) {
-      throw new IllegalStateException("Trying to obtain contents of holder with a null buffer");
-    }
-    backing.retain(increment);
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public ByteBufHolder touch() {
-    if (backing == null) {
-      throw new IllegalStateException("Trying to obtain contents of holder with a null buffer");
-    }
-    backing.touch();
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public ByteBufHolder touch(final Object hint) {
-    if (backing == null) {
-      throw new IllegalStateException("Trying to obtain contents of holder with a null buffer");
-    }
-    backing.touch(hint);
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public boolean release() {
-    if (backing == null) {
-      throw new IllegalStateException("Trying to obtain contents of holder with a null buffer");
-    }
-    return backing.release();
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public boolean release(final int decrement) {
-    if (backing == null) {
-      throw new IllegalStateException("Trying to obtain contents of holder with a null buffer");
-    }
-    return backing.release(decrement);
-  }
-}

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/config/FinishConfigurationPacket.java

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacket;
 
 @ToString
-public final class FinishConfiguration implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class FinishConfigurationPacket implements FallbackPacket {
 
   @Override
   public void encode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/config/RegistryDataPacket.java

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.ProtocolUtil.writeNamel
 
 @Getter
 @ToString
-public final class RegistryData implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class RegistryDataPacket implements FallbackPacket {
 
   @Override
   public void encode(final @NotNull ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/login/LoginAcknowledgedPacket.java

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacket;
 
-public final class LoginAcknowledged implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class LoginAcknowledgedPacket implements FallbackPacket {
 
   @Override
   public void encode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
@@ -30,4 +30,10 @@ public final class LoginAcknowledged implements FallbackPacket {
   @Override
   public void decode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
   }
+
+  @Override
+  public int expectedMaxLength(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    // https://github.com/PaperMC/Velocity/blob/dev/3.0.0/proxy/src/main/java/com/velocitypowered/proxy/protocol/packet/LoginAcknowledgedPacket.java#L41
+    return 0;
+  }
 }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/login/LoginSuccessPacket.java

@@ -21,10 +21,11 @@ import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
 import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
 import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.ToString;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.netty.FastUUID;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacket;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.netty.FastUUID;
 
 import java.util.UUID;
 
@@ -33,9 +34,10 @@ import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.ProtocolUtil.*;
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.VarIntUtil.writeVarInt;
 
 @Getter
+@ToString
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
-public final class LoginSuccess implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class LoginSuccessPacket implements FallbackPacket {
   private String username;
   private UUID uuid;
 

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/ChunkDataPacket.java

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.VarIntUtil.writeVarInt;
 @ToString
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
-public final class EmptyChunkData implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class ChunkDataPacket implements FallbackPacket {
   private int x, z;
 
   private static final byte[] SECTION_BYTES = new byte[]{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0};

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/ClientAbilitiesPacket.java

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacket;
 @ToString
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
-public class Abilities implements FallbackPacket {
+public class ClientAbilitiesPacket implements FallbackPacket {
   private int encodedFlags;
   private float flySpeed, walkSpeed;
 
@@ -43,8 +43,6 @@ public class Abilities implements FallbackPacket {
 
   @Override
   public void decode(final @NotNull ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
-    encodedFlags = byteBuf.readByte();
-    flySpeed = byteBuf.readFloat();
-    walkSpeed = byteBuf.readFloat();
+    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
   }
 }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/ClientSettingsPacket.java

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.VarIntUtil.readVarInt;
 @ToString
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
-public final class ClientSettings implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class ClientSettingsPacket implements FallbackPacket {
   private String locale;
   private byte viewDistance;
   private int chatVisibility;
@@ -46,13 +46,8 @@ public final class ClientSettings implements FallbackPacket {
   private boolean clientListingAllowed; // Added in 1.18, overwrites server-list "anonymous" mode
 
   @Override
-  public int expectedMinLength(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
-    return 2;
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public int expectedMaxLength(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
-    return 0xff + 1; // 256 as a hard-limit
+  public void encode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
   }
 
   @Override
@@ -82,7 +77,12 @@ public final class ClientSettings implements FallbackPacket {
   }
 
   @Override
-  public void encode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
-    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+  public int expectedMinLength(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    return 2;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int expectedMaxLength(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    return 0xff + 1; // 256 as a hard-limit
   }
 }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/DefaultSpawnPositionPacket.java

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT
 @ToString
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
-public final class DefaultSpawnPosition implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class DefaultSpawnPositionPacket implements FallbackPacket {
   private int x, y, z;
 
   @Override

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/Disconnect.java

@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.play;
-
-import com.google.gson.JsonParser;
-import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
-import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
-import lombok.Getter;
-import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
-import lombok.ToString;
-import net.kyori.adventure.nbt.BinaryTag;
-import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
-import net.kyori.adventure.text.serializer.json.JSONComponentSerializer;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacket;
-
-import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.component.ComponentSerializer.serialize;
-import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.ProtocolUtil.writeNamelessCompoundTag;
-import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.ProtocolUtil.writeString;
-
-@Getter
-@ToString
-@NoArgsConstructor
-@AllArgsConstructor
-public final class Disconnect implements FallbackPacket {
-  private @Nullable String reason;
-  private BinaryTag binaryTag;
-
-  @Override
-  public void encode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
-    if (protocolVersion.compareTo(ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_20_3) >= 0) {
-      writeNamelessCompoundTag(byteBuf, binaryTag);
-    } else {
-      writeString(byteBuf, reason);
-    }
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public void decode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
-    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
-  }
-
-  public static @NotNull Disconnect create(final Component component) {
-    final String serialized = JSONComponentSerializer.json().serialize(component);
-    final BinaryTag binaryTag = serialize(new JsonParser().parse(serialized));
-    return new Disconnect(serialized, binaryTag);
-  }
-}

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/DisconnectPacket.java

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.play;
+
+import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
+import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.Getter;
+import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.ToString;
+import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacket;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.component.ComponentHolder;
+
+@Getter
+@ToString
+@NoArgsConstructor
+@AllArgsConstructor
+public final class DisconnectPacket implements FallbackPacket {
+  private @NotNull ComponentHolder componentHolder;
+  private boolean login;
+
+  @Override
+  public void encode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    componentHolder.write(byteBuf, login ? ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_20_2 : protocolVersion);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void decode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+  }
+
+  public static @NotNull DisconnectPacket create(final @NotNull Component component,
+                                                 final boolean login) {
+    return new DisconnectPacket(new ComponentHolder(component), login);
+  }
+}

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/GameEventPacket.java

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacket;
 @Data
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
-public final class GameEvent implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class GameEventPacket implements FallbackPacket {
   private int type;
   private float value;
 

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/JoinGamePacket.java

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.VarIntUtil.writeVarInt;
 @Data
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
-public final class JoinGame implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class JoinGamePacket implements FallbackPacket {
   private int entityId;
   private int gamemode;
   private long partialHashedSeed;
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ public final class JoinGame implements FallbackPacket {
       byteBuf.writeByte(0); // difficulty
       byteBuf.writeByte(0); // max players
       writeString(byteBuf, "flat"); // level type
+      return;
     }
 
     if (protocolVersion.inBetween(MINECRAFT_1_8, MINECRAFT_1_9)) {
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@ public final class JoinGame implements FallbackPacket {
       byteBuf.writeByte(0); // max players
       writeString(byteBuf, "flat"); // level type
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(reducedDebugInfo);
+      return;
     }
 
     if (protocolVersion.inBetween(MINECRAFT_1_9_1, MINECRAFT_1_13_2)) {
@@ -75,6 +77,7 @@ public final class JoinGame implements FallbackPacket {
       byteBuf.writeByte(0); // max players
       writeString(byteBuf, "flat"); // level type
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(reducedDebugInfo);
+      return;
     }
 
     if (protocolVersion.inBetween(MINECRAFT_1_14, MINECRAFT_1_14_4)) {
@@ -84,6 +87,7 @@ public final class JoinGame implements FallbackPacket {
       writeString(byteBuf, "flat"); // level type
       writeVarInt(byteBuf, viewDistance);
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(reducedDebugInfo);
+      return;
     }
 
     if (protocolVersion.inBetween(MINECRAFT_1_15, MINECRAFT_1_15_2)) {
@@ -95,6 +99,7 @@ public final class JoinGame implements FallbackPacket {
       writeVarInt(byteBuf, viewDistance);
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(reducedDebugInfo);
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(showRespawnScreen);
+      return;
     }
 
     if (protocolVersion.inBetween(MINECRAFT_1_16, MINECRAFT_1_16_1)) {
@@ -111,6 +116,7 @@ public final class JoinGame implements FallbackPacket {
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(showRespawnScreen);
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(false); // debug type
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(false); // flat
+      return;
     }
 
     if (protocolVersion.inBetween(MINECRAFT_1_16_2, MINECRAFT_1_17_1)) {
@@ -128,6 +134,7 @@ public final class JoinGame implements FallbackPacket {
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(showRespawnScreen);
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(false); // debug type
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(false); // flat
+      return;
     }
 
     if (protocolVersion.inBetween(MINECRAFT_1_18, MINECRAFT_1_18_2)) {
@@ -151,6 +158,7 @@ public final class JoinGame implements FallbackPacket {
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(showRespawnScreen);
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(false); // debug type
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(false); // flat
+      return;
     }
 
     if (protocolVersion.inBetween(MINECRAFT_1_19, MINECRAFT_1_19_4)) {
@@ -178,6 +186,7 @@ public final class JoinGame implements FallbackPacket {
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(false); // debug type
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(false); // flat
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(false); // no last death location
+      return;
     }
 
     if (protocolVersion.equals(MINECRAFT_1_20)) {
@@ -198,6 +207,7 @@ public final class JoinGame implements FallbackPacket {
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(false); // flat
       byteBuf.writeBoolean(false); // no last death location
       writeVarInt(byteBuf, 0);
+      return;
     }
 
     if (protocolVersion.compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_20_2) >= 0) {

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/KeepAlivePacket.java

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.VarIntUtil.writeVarInt;
 @ToString
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
-public final class KeepAlive implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class KeepAlivePacket implements FallbackPacket {
   private long id;
 
   @Override

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/MapDataPacket.java

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ import lombok.ToString;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacket;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.map.MapInfo;
 
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.VarIntUtil.writeVarInt;
 
@@ -33,20 +32,21 @@ import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.VarIntUtil.writeVarInt;
 @ToString
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
-public final class MapData implements FallbackPacket {
-  private MapInfo mapInfo;
+public final class MapDataPacket implements FallbackPacket {
+  private byte[] buffer;
+  private int x, y;
 
   @Override
   public void encode(final @NotNull ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
     writeVarInt(byteBuf, 0);
 
     if (protocolVersion.compareTo(ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_8) < 0) {
-      byteBuf.writeShort(mapInfo.getBuffer().length + 3);
+      byteBuf.writeShort(buffer.length + 3);
       byteBuf.writeByte(0); // scaling
-      byteBuf.writeByte(mapInfo.getX());
-      byteBuf.writeByte(mapInfo.getY());
+      byteBuf.writeByte(x);
+      byteBuf.writeByte(y);
 
-      byteBuf.writeBytes(mapInfo.getBuffer());
+      byteBuf.writeBytes(buffer);
     } else {
       byteBuf.writeByte(0); // scaling
 
@@ -65,13 +65,13 @@ public final class MapData implements FallbackPacket {
         writeVarInt(byteBuf, 0);
       }
 
-      byteBuf.writeByte(mapInfo.getColumns());
-      byteBuf.writeByte(mapInfo.getRows());
-      byteBuf.writeByte(mapInfo.getX());
-      byteBuf.writeByte(mapInfo.getY());
+      byteBuf.writeByte(128); // rows
+      byteBuf.writeByte(128); // columns
+      byteBuf.writeByte(x);
+      byteBuf.writeByte(y);
 
-      writeVarInt(byteBuf, mapInfo.getBuffer().length);
-      byteBuf.writeBytes(mapInfo.getBuffer());
+      writeVarInt(byteBuf, buffer.length);
+      byteBuf.writeBytes(buffer);
     }
   }
 

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/PlayerInputPacket.java

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.play;
+
+import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
+import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.Getter;
+import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.ToString;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacket;
+
+@Getter
+@ToString
+@NoArgsConstructor
+@AllArgsConstructor
+public class PlayerInputPacket implements FallbackPacket {
+  private float sideways, forward;
+  private boolean jump, unmount;
+
+  @Override
+  public void encode(final @NotNull ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void decode(final @NotNull ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    sideways = byteBuf.readFloat();
+    forward = byteBuf.readFloat();
+    if (protocolVersion.compareTo(ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_8) < 0) {
+      jump = byteBuf.readBoolean();
+      unmount = byteBuf.readBoolean();
+    } else {
+      final byte flags = byteBuf.readByte();
+      jump = (flags & 0x01) != 0;
+      unmount = (flags & 0x02) != 0;
+    }
+  }
+}

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/PlayerPositionLookPacket.java

@@ -33,25 +33,12 @@ import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.VarIntUtil.writeVarInt;
 @ToString
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
-public final class PositionLook implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class PlayerPositionLookPacket implements FallbackPacket {
   private double x, y, z;
   private float yaw, pitch;
   private int teleportId;
   private boolean onGround;
 
-  @Override
-  public void decode(final @NotNull ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
-    x = byteBuf.readDouble();
-    y = byteBuf.readDouble();
-    if (protocolVersion.compareTo(ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_8) < 0) {
-      y = byteBuf.readDouble(); // Account for weird y positions on 1.7
-    }
-    z = byteBuf.readDouble();
-    yaw = byteBuf.readFloat();
-    pitch = byteBuf.readFloat();
-    onGround = byteBuf.readBoolean();
-  }
-
   @Override
   public void encode(final @NotNull ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
     byteBuf.writeDouble(x);
@@ -77,7 +64,20 @@ public final class PositionLook implements FallbackPacket {
   }
 
   @Override
-  public int expectedMaxLength(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+  public void decode(final @NotNull ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    x = byteBuf.readDouble();
+    y = byteBuf.readDouble();
+    if (protocolVersion.compareTo(ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_8) < 0) {
+      y = byteBuf.readDouble(); // Account for weird y positions on 1.7
+    }
+    z = byteBuf.readDouble();
+    yaw = byteBuf.readFloat();
+    pitch = byteBuf.readFloat();
+    onGround = byteBuf.readBoolean();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int expectedMaxLength(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
     return protocolVersion.compareTo(ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_8) < 0 ? 41 : 33;
   }
 

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/PlayerPositionPacket.java

@@ -30,10 +30,15 @@ import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacket;
 @ToString
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
-public final class Position implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class PlayerPositionPacket implements FallbackPacket {
   private double x, y, z;
   private boolean onGround;
 
+  @Override
+  public void encode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+  }
+
   @Override
   public void decode(final @NotNull ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
     x = byteBuf.readDouble();
@@ -45,11 +50,6 @@ public final class Position implements FallbackPacket {
     onGround = byteBuf.readBoolean();
   }
 
-  @Override
-  public void encode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
-    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
-  }
-
   @Override
   public int expectedMaxLength(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
     return protocolVersion.compareTo(ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_8) < 0 ? 33 : 25;

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/PlayerTickPacket.java

@@ -30,16 +30,16 @@ import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacket;
 @ToString
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
-public final class Player implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class PlayerTickPacket implements FallbackPacket {
   private boolean onGround;
 
-  @Override
-  public void decode(final @NotNull ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
-    onGround = byteBuf.readBoolean();
-  }
-
   @Override
   public void encode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
     throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
   }
+
+  @Override
+  public void decode(final @NotNull ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    onGround = byteBuf.readBoolean();
+  }
 }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/PluginMessagePacket.java

@@ -23,50 +23,44 @@ import lombok.ToString;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacket;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.netty.DeferredByteBufHolder;
 
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_13;
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_8;
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.ProtocolUtil.*;
 
-// Mostly taken from
-// https://github.com/PaperMC/Velocity/blob/dev/3.0.0/proxy/src/main/java/com/velocitypowered/proxy/protocol/packet/PluginMessage.java
 @Getter
 @ToString
-public final class PluginMessage extends DeferredByteBufHolder implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class PluginMessagePacket implements FallbackPacket {
   private String channel;
-
-  public PluginMessage() {
-    super(null);
-  }
+  private ByteBuf slicedBuffer;
 
   @Override
-  public int expectedMinLength(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
-    return 8;
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public int expectedMaxLength(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
-    return 0xfff + 1; // limit packet size to 4096
+  public void encode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
   }
 
   @Override
   public void decode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
-    channel = readString(byteBuf);
+    channel = readString(byteBuf, 512);
 
     if (protocolVersion.compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_13) >= 0) {
       channel = transformLegacyToModernChannel(channel);
     }
 
     if (protocolVersion.compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_8) >= 0) {
-      replace(byteBuf.readRetainedSlice(byteBuf.readableBytes()));
+      slicedBuffer = byteBuf.readRetainedSlice(byteBuf.readableBytes());
     } else {
-      replace(readRetainedByteBufSlice17(byteBuf));
+      slicedBuffer = readRetainedByteBufSlice17(byteBuf);
     }
   }
 
   @Override
-  public void encode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
-    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+  public int expectedMinLength(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    return 4;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int expectedMaxLength(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    return 0xFFF; // strict size limit
   }
 }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/RemoveEntitiesPacket.java

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.play;
+
+import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
+import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.Getter;
+import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.ToString;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacket;
+
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.VarIntUtil.writeVarInt;
+
+@Getter
+@ToString
+@NoArgsConstructor
+@AllArgsConstructor
+public final class RemoveEntitiesPacket implements FallbackPacket {
+  private int entityId; // We only need one entityId
+
+  @Override
+  public void encode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    // No idea why Mojang decided that this is a good idea, but whatever
+    if (protocolVersion.compareTo(ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_17) != 0) {
+      writeVarInt(byteBuf, 1); // size
+    }
+
+    if (protocolVersion.compareTo(ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_8) < 0) {
+      byteBuf.writeInt(entityId);
+    } else {
+      writeVarInt(byteBuf, entityId);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void decode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+  }
+}

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/SetPassengersPacket.java

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.play;
+
+import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
+import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.Getter;
+import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.ToString;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacket;
+
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.VarIntUtil.writeVarInt;
+
+@Getter
+@ToString
+@NoArgsConstructor
+@AllArgsConstructor
+public final class SetPassengersPacket implements FallbackPacket {
+  private int entityId;
+  private int passengerId;
+
+  @Override
+  public void encode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    // You can find this in the EntityAttach packet,
+    // which was later replaced by SetPassengers in 1.9+
+    if (protocolVersion.compareTo(ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_9) < 0) {
+      byteBuf.writeInt(passengerId);
+      byteBuf.writeInt(entityId);
+      byteBuf.writeByte(0); // leash
+      return;
+    }
+
+    writeVarInt(byteBuf, entityId);
+    writeVarInt(byteBuf, 1); // passenger count
+    writeVarInt(byteBuf, passengerId);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void decode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+  }
+}

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/SetSlotPacket.java

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.VarIntUtil.writeVarInt;
 @ToString
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
-public final class SetSlot implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class SetSlotPacket implements FallbackPacket {
   private int windowId;
   private int slot;
   private int count;
@@ -49,11 +49,6 @@ public final class SetSlot implements FallbackPacket {
     .put("map", IntBinaryTag.intBinaryTag(0)) // map type
     .build();
 
-  @Override
-  public void decode(final @NotNull ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
-    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
-  }
-
   @Override
   public void encode(final @NotNull ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
     byteBuf.writeByte(windowId);
@@ -92,4 +87,9 @@ public final class SetSlot implements FallbackPacket {
       }
     }
   }
+
+  @Override
+  public void decode(final @NotNull ByteBuf byteBuf, final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+  }
 }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/SpawnEntityPacket.java

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.play;
+
+import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
+import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.Getter;
+import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.ToString;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacket;
+
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion.*;
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.netty.FastUUID.EMPTY_UUID;
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.ProtocolUtil.writeUUID;
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.VarIntUtil.writeVarInt;
+
+@Getter
+@ToString
+@NoArgsConstructor
+@AllArgsConstructor
+public final class SpawnEntityPacket implements FallbackPacket {
+  private int entityId, entityType;
+  private double x, y, z;
+
+  @Override
+  public void encode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    writeVarInt(byteBuf, entityId);
+
+    final boolean v1_9orHigher = protocolVersion.compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_8) > 0;
+
+    if (v1_9orHigher) {
+      writeUUID(byteBuf, EMPTY_UUID);
+    }
+
+    if (protocolVersion.compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_14) >= 0) {
+      writeVarInt(byteBuf, entityType);
+    } else {
+      byteBuf.writeByte(entityType);
+    }
+
+    if (v1_9orHigher) {
+      byteBuf.writeDouble(x);
+      byteBuf.writeDouble(y);
+      byteBuf.writeDouble(z);
+    } else {
+      byteBuf.writeInt(floor(x * 32D));
+      byteBuf.writeInt(floor(y * 32D));
+      byteBuf.writeInt(floor(z * 32D));
+    }
+
+    byteBuf.writeByte(0); // pitch or yaw
+    byteBuf.writeByte(0); // yaw or pitch
+
+    if (protocolVersion.compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_19) >= 0) {
+      byteBuf.writeByte(0); // head yaw
+      writeVarInt(byteBuf, 0); // data
+    } else {
+      byteBuf.writeInt(0); // data
+    }
+
+    if (v1_9orHigher) {
+      byteBuf.writeShort(0); // velocity X
+      byteBuf.writeShort(0); // velocity Y
+      byteBuf.writeShort(0); // velocity Z
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static int floor(final double value) {
+    final int __value = (int) value;
+    return value < (double) __value ? __value - 1 : __value;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void decode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+  }
+}

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/TeleportConfirmPacket.java

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.VarIntUtil.readVarInt;
 @ToString
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
-public final class TeleportConfirm implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class TeleportConfirmPacket implements FallbackPacket {
   private int teleportId;
 
   @Override

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/TransactionPacket.java

@@ -32,23 +32,10 @@ import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT
 @ToString
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
-public final class Transaction implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class TransactionPacket implements FallbackPacket {
   private int windowId, id;
   private boolean accepted;
 
-  @Override
-  public void encode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
-    if (protocolVersion.compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_17) < 0) {
-      byteBuf.writeByte(windowId);
-      byteBuf.writeShort((short) id);
-      // The "accepted" field is actually really unnecessary since
-      // it's never even used in the client.
-      byteBuf.writeBoolean(accepted);
-    } else {
-      byteBuf.writeInt(id);
-    }
-  }
-
   @Override
   public void decode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
     if (protocolVersion.compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_17) < 0) {
@@ -62,4 +49,17 @@ public final class Transaction implements FallbackPacket {
       accepted = true;
     }
   }
+
+  @Override
+  public void encode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    if (protocolVersion.compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_17) < 0) {
+      byteBuf.writeByte(windowId);
+      byteBuf.writeShort((short) id);
+      // The "accepted" field is actually really unnecessary since
+      // it's never even used in the client.
+      byteBuf.writeBoolean(accepted);
+    } else {
+      byteBuf.writeInt(id);
+    }
+  }
 }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/UniversalChatPacket.java

@@ -17,24 +17,21 @@
 
 package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.packets.play;
 
-import com.google.gson.JsonParser;
 import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.CorruptedFrameException;
 import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
 import lombok.Data;
 import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
-import net.kyori.adventure.nbt.BinaryTag;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
-import net.kyori.adventure.text.serializer.json.JSONComponentSerializer;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.FallbackPacket;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.component.ComponentHolder;
 
 import java.time.Instant;
-import java.util.UUID;
 
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion.*;
-import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.component.ComponentSerializer.serialize;
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.netty.FastUUID.EMPTY_UUID;
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.ProtocolUtil.*;
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.VarIntUtil.readVarInt;
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.VarIntUtil.writeVarInt;
@@ -42,15 +39,14 @@ import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.VarIntUtil.writeVarInt;
 @Data
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
-public final class Chat implements FallbackPacket {
-  private static final UUID PLACEHOLDER_UUID = new UUID(0L, 0L);
+public final class UniversalChatPacket implements FallbackPacket {
   private static final int DIV_FLOOR = -Math.floorDiv(-20, 8);
 
   public static final byte CHAT_TYPE = (byte) 0;
   public static final byte SYSTEM_TYPE = (byte) 1;
   public static final byte GAME_INFO_TYPE = (byte) 2;
 
-  private Component component;
+  private ComponentHolder componentHolder;
   private String message;
   private byte type;
   private boolean signedPreview;
@@ -61,33 +57,20 @@ public final class Chat implements FallbackPacket {
   private boolean signed;
   private byte[] signature;
 
-  // 1.20.3
-  private BinaryTag nbtMessage;
-
-  // Clientbound LegacyChat
-  public Chat(final Component component) {
-    this(component, SYSTEM_TYPE);
+  public UniversalChatPacket(final @NotNull Component component,
+                             final byte type) {
+    this(new ComponentHolder(component), type);
   }
 
-  // Clientbound LegacyChat
-  public Chat(final Component component, final byte type) {
-    this(component, JSONComponentSerializer.json().serialize(component), type);
-  }
-
-  public Chat(final Component component, final String message, final byte type) {
-    this(component, message, type,
-      false, false, null, null,
-      0L, false, null, serialize(new JsonParser().parse(message)));
+  public UniversalChatPacket(final ComponentHolder componentHolder, final byte type) {
+    this.componentHolder = componentHolder;
+    this.type = type;
   }
 
   @Override
   public void encode(final ByteBuf byteBuf, final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
     // Serialized message
-    if (protocolVersion.compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_20_3) >= 0) {
-      writeNamelessCompoundTag(byteBuf, nbtMessage);
-    } else {
-      writeString(byteBuf, message);
-    }
+    componentHolder.write(byteBuf, protocolVersion);
 
     // Type
     if (protocolVersion.compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_19_1) >= 0) {
@@ -101,7 +84,7 @@ public final class Chat implements FallbackPacket {
     // Sender
     if (protocolVersion.compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_16) >= 0
       && protocolVersion.compareTo(MINECRAFT_1_19) < 0) {
-      writeUUID(byteBuf, PLACEHOLDER_UUID);
+      writeUUID(byteBuf, EMPTY_UUID);
     }
   }
 

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/packets/play/UpdateSectionBlocksPacket.java

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.VarIntUtil.writeVarLong
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
 @ToString(exclude = {"changedBlocks"})
-public final class UpdateSectionBlocks implements FallbackPacket {
+public final class UpdateSectionBlocksPacket implements FallbackPacket {
   private int sectionX, sectionZ;
   private ChangedBlock[] changedBlocks;
 

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/fallback/protocol/vehicle/EntityType.java

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.fallback.protocol.vehicle;
+
+import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
+
+import java.util.function.Function;
+
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+public enum EntityType {
+  BOAT(protocolVersion -> {
+    // Useful resources:
+    // - https://github.com/PrismarineJS/minecraft-data/blob/master/data/pc/
+    // - https://pokechu22.github.io/Burger/1.20.4.html
+    switch (protocolVersion) {
+      default:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_7_2:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_7_6:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_8:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_9:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_9_1:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_9_2:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_9_4:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_10:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_11:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_11_1:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_12:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_12_1:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_12_2:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_13:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_13_1:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_13_2:
+        return 1;
+      case MINECRAFT_1_14:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_14_1:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_14_2:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_14_3:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_14_4:
+        return 5;
+      case MINECRAFT_1_15:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_15_1:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_15_2:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_16:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_16_1:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_16_2:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_16_3:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_16_4:
+        return 6;
+      case MINECRAFT_1_17:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_17_1:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_18:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_18_2:
+        return 7;
+      case MINECRAFT_1_19:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_19_1:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_19_3:
+        return 8;
+      case MINECRAFT_1_19_4:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_20:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_20_2:
+      case MINECRAFT_1_20_3:
+        return 9;
+    }
+  });
+
+  private final Function<ProtocolVersion, Integer> function;
+
+  public int getId(final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    return function.apply(protocolVersion);
+  }
+}

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/statistics/CachedBandwidthStatistics.java

@@ -15,17 +15,17 @@
  * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
-package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics;
+package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.statistics;
 
 import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.Setter;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.profiler.JVMProfiler;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.jvm.JVMProcessInformation;
 
 /**
  * This counts all incoming and outgoing traffic.
  */
 @Getter
-public enum Bandwidth implements JVMProfiler {
+public enum CachedBandwidthStatistics {
   INCOMING,
   OUTGOING;
 
@@ -48,15 +48,15 @@ public enum Bandwidth implements JVMProfiler {
    * This method is called every second.
    */
   public static synchronized void reset() {
-    for (final Bandwidth value : values()) {
+    for (final CachedBandwidthStatistics value : values()) {
       value.cacheAndReset();
     }
   }
 
   private void cacheAndReset() {
     ttl += curr; // increment total
-    cachedSecond = formatMemory(curr);
-    cachedTtl = formatMemory(ttl);
+    cachedSecond = JVMProcessInformation.formatMemory(curr);
+    cachedTtl = JVMProcessInformation.formatMemory(ttl);
     curr = 0L; // reset current
   }
 }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/statistics/GlobalSonarStatistics.java

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023-2024 Sonar Contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.statistics;
+
+import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Cache;
+import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Caffeine;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.ApiStatus;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.SonarStatistics;
+
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+
+public final class GlobalSonarStatistics implements SonarStatistics {
+  private static final Cache<Integer, Byte> LOGINS_PER_SECOND = Caffeine.newBuilder()
+    .expireAfterWrite(Duration.ofSeconds(1))
+    .build();
+
+  private static final Cache<Integer, Byte> CONNECTIONS_PER_SECOND = Caffeine.newBuilder()
+    .expireAfterWrite(Duration.ofSeconds(1))
+    .build();
+
+  private static final AtomicInteger ACTION_COUNTER = new AtomicInteger(Integer.MIN_VALUE);
+
+  /**
+   * Helper methods that make it easier to count new statistics
+   */
+
+  @ApiStatus.Internal
+  public static void countConnection() {
+    CONNECTIONS_PER_SECOND.put(ACTION_COUNTER.getAndIncrement(), (byte) 0);
+  }
+
+  @ApiStatus.Internal
+  public static void countLogin() {
+    LOGINS_PER_SECOND.put(ACTION_COUNTER.getAndIncrement(), (byte) 0);
+    totalJoinedPlayers++;
+  }
+
+  // Cache all per-session statistics
+  private static int totalJoinedPlayers;
+  public static int totalSuccessfulVerifications;
+  public static int totalFailedVerifications;
+  public static int totalAttemptedVerifications;
+  public static long totalBlacklistedPlayers;
+
+  /**
+   * Called every time the action bar updates to ensure fresh values
+   */
+  @Override
+  public synchronized void cleanUpCache() {
+    LOGINS_PER_SECOND.cleanUp();
+    CONNECTIONS_PER_SECOND.cleanUp();
+    // Also clean up the blacklist
+    Sonar.get().getFallback().getBlacklist().cleanUp();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public long getConnectionsPerSecond() {
+    return CONNECTIONS_PER_SECOND.estimatedSize();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public long getLoginsPerSecond() {
+    return LOGINS_PER_SECOND.estimatedSize();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public long getCurrentIncomingBandwidth() {
+    return CachedBandwidthStatistics.INCOMING.getCurr();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public long getCurrentOutgoingBandwidth() {
+    return CachedBandwidthStatistics.OUTGOING.getCurr();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public long getTotalIncomingBandwidth() {
+    return CachedBandwidthStatistics.INCOMING.getTtl();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public long getTotalOutgoingBandwidth() {
+    return CachedBandwidthStatistics.OUTGOING.getTtl();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public String getCurrentIncomingBandwidthFormatted() {
+    return CachedBandwidthStatistics.INCOMING.getCachedSecond();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public String getCurrentOutgoingBandwidthFormatted() {
+    return CachedBandwidthStatistics.OUTGOING.getCachedSecond();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public String getTotalIncomingBandwidthFormatted() {
+    return CachedBandwidthStatistics.INCOMING.getCachedTtl();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public String getTotalOutgoingBandwidthFormatted() {
+    return CachedBandwidthStatistics.OUTGOING.getCachedTtl();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int getTotalPlayersJoined() {
+    return totalJoinedPlayers;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int getTotalPlayersVerified() {
+    return Sonar.get().getVerifiedPlayerController().estimatedSize();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int getTotalSuccessfulVerifications() {
+    return totalSuccessfulVerifications;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int getTotalFailedVerifications() {
+    return totalFailedVerifications;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public long getCurrentAttemptedVerifications() {
+    return Sonar.get().getFallback().getConnected().size();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int getTotalAttemptedVerifications() {
+    return totalAttemptedVerifications;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public long getCurrentBlacklistSize() {
+    return Sonar.get().getFallback().getBlacklist().estimatedSize();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public long getTotalBlacklistSize() {
+    return totalBlacklistedPlayers;
+  }
+}

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/subcommand/impl/DumpCommand.java

@@ -17,21 +17,25 @@
 
 package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.subcommand.impl;
 
+import com.google.gson.Gson;
+import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder;
 import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
 import lombok.val;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Unmodifiable;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.SonarPlatform;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.command.CommandInvocation;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.command.subcommand.Subcommand;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.command.subcommand.SubcommandInfo;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.profiler.JVMProfiler;
 
+import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
+import java.lang.management.RuntimeMXBean;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.WeakHashMap;
 
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.jvm.JVMProcessInformation.*;
+
 // This command is only used to display helpful information to help
 // the Sonar contributors to fix issues more quickly
 @SubcommandInfo(
@@ -39,11 +43,14 @@ import java.util.WeakHashMap;
   description = "Print developer information",
   onlyConsole = true
 )
-public final class DumpCommand extends Subcommand implements JVMProfiler {
+public final class DumpCommand extends Subcommand {
+
+  private static final RuntimeMXBean RUNTIME_MX_BEAN = ManagementFactory.getRuntimeMXBean();
+  private static final Gson GSON = new GsonBuilder().create();
 
   @Override
   protected void execute(final @NotNull CommandInvocation invocation) {
-    final String json = Sonar.GENERAL_GSON.toJson(collectMappedInformation());
+    final String json = GSON.toJson(collectMappedInformation());
     SONAR.getLogger().info("Generated dump: {}", json);
   }
 

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/subcommand/impl/NotifyCommand.java

@@ -31,13 +31,13 @@ public final class NotifyCommand extends Subcommand {
 
   @Override
   protected void execute(final @NotNull CommandInvocation invocation) {
-    if (SONAR.getNotificationHandler().isSubscribed(invocation.getSender().getName())) {
-      SONAR.getNotificationHandler().unsubscribe(invocation.getSender().getName());
+    if (SONAR.getNotificationHandler().isSubscribed(invocation.getSender().getUuid())) {
+      SONAR.getNotificationHandler().unsubscribe(invocation.getSender().getUuid());
       invocation.getSender().sendMessage(SONAR.getConfig().getCommands().getNotificationsUnsubscribed());
       return;
     }
 
     invocation.getSender().sendMessage(SONAR.getConfig().getCommands().getNotificationsSubscribed());
-    SONAR.getNotificationHandler().subscribe(invocation.getSender().getName());
+    SONAR.getNotificationHandler().subscribe(invocation.getSender().getUuid());
   }
 }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/subcommand/impl/StatisticsCommand.java

@@ -17,17 +17,17 @@
 
 package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.subcommand.impl;
 
+import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.command.CommandInvocation;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.command.subcommand.Subcommand;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.command.subcommand.SubcommandInfo;
 import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.command.subcommand.argument.Argument;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.profiler.JVMProfiler;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Bandwidth;
-import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.statistics.Statistics;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.statistics.CachedBandwidthStatistics;
 
 import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar.DECIMAL_FORMAT;
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.jvm.JVMProcessInformation.*;
 
 @SubcommandInfo(
   name = "statistics",
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.Sonar.DECIMAL_FORMAT;
   },
   argumentsRequired = false
 )
-public final class StatisticsCommand extends Subcommand implements JVMProfiler {
+public final class StatisticsCommand extends Subcommand {
   private enum StatisticType {
     GENERAL,
     NETWORK,
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public final class StatisticsCommand extends Subcommand implements JVMProfiler {
 
     invocation.getSender().sendMessage(SONAR.getConfig().getCommands().getStatisticsHeader()
       .replace("%type%", type.name().toLowerCase()));
-    invocation.getSender().sendMessage();
+    invocation.getSender().sendMessage(Component.empty());
 
     switch (type) {
       case GENERAL: {
@@ -77,9 +77,9 @@ public final class StatisticsCommand extends Subcommand implements JVMProfiler {
           .replace("%blacklisted%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(SONAR.getFallback().getBlacklist().estimatedSize()))
           .replace("%queued%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(SONAR.getFallback().getQueue().getQueuedPlayers().size()))
           .replace("%uptime%", String.format("%dd %dh %dm %ds", days, hours, minutes, seconds % 60L))
-          .replace("%total_joins%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Statistics.TOTAL_TRAFFIC.get()))
-          .replace("%total_attempts%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Statistics.REAL_TRAFFIC.get()))
-          .replace("%total_failed%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Statistics.FAILED_VERIFICATIONS.get())));
+          .replace("%total_joins%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Sonar.get().getStatistics().getTotalPlayersJoined()))
+          .replace("%total_attempts%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Sonar.get().getStatistics().getTotalAttemptedVerifications()))
+          .replace("%total_failed%", DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(Sonar.get().getStatistics().getTotalFailedVerifications())));
         break;
       }
 
@@ -105,10 +105,10 @@ public final class StatisticsCommand extends Subcommand implements JVMProfiler {
 
       case NETWORK: {
         invocation.getSender().sendMessage(SONAR.getConfig().getCommands().getNetworkStatistics()
-          .replace("%incoming%", Bandwidth.INCOMING.getCachedSecond())
-          .replace("%outgoing%", Bandwidth.OUTGOING.getCachedSecond())
-          .replace("%ttl_incoming%", Bandwidth.INCOMING.getCachedTtl())
-          .replace("%ttl_outgoing%", Bandwidth.OUTGOING.getCachedTtl()));
+          .replace("%incoming%", CachedBandwidthStatistics.INCOMING.getCachedSecond())
+          .replace("%outgoing%", CachedBandwidthStatistics.OUTGOING.getCachedSecond())
+          .replace("%ttl_incoming%", CachedBandwidthStatistics.INCOMING.getCachedTtl())
+          .replace("%ttl_outgoing%", CachedBandwidthStatistics.OUTGOING.getCachedTtl()));
         break;
       }
     }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/subcommand/impl/VerboseCommand.java

@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ public final class VerboseCommand extends Subcommand {
 
   @Override
   protected void execute(final @NotNull CommandInvocation invocation) {
-    if (SONAR.getVerboseHandler().isSubscribed(invocation.getSender().getName())) {
-      SONAR.getVerboseHandler().unsubscribe(invocation.getSender().getName());
+    if (SONAR.getVerboseHandler().isSubscribed(invocation.getSender().getUuid())) {
+      SONAR.getVerboseHandler().unsubscribe(invocation.getSender().getUuid());
       invocation.getSender().sendMessage(SONAR.getConfig().getCommands().getVerboseUnsubscribed());
       // Reset ActionBar component when unsubscribing
       invocation.getSender().getAudience().sendActionBar(Component.empty());
@@ -41,6 +41,6 @@ public final class VerboseCommand extends Subcommand {
     }
 
     invocation.getSender().sendMessage(SONAR.getConfig().getCommands().getVerboseSubscribed());
-    SONAR.getVerboseHandler().subscribe(invocation.getSender().getName());
+    SONAR.getVerboseHandler().subscribe(invocation.getSender().getUuid());
   }
 }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/utility/component/ComponentHolder.java

@@ -17,23 +17,34 @@
 
 package xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.component;
 
-import com.google.gson.JsonArray;
-import com.google.gson.JsonElement;
-import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
-import com.google.gson.JsonPrimitive;
+import com.google.gson.*;
 import com.google.gson.internal.LazilyParsedNumber;
-import lombok.experimental.UtilityClass;
+import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
 import net.kyori.adventure.nbt.*;
+import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
+import net.kyori.adventure.text.serializer.gson.GsonComponentSerializer;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import xyz.jonesdev.sonar.api.fallback.protocol.ProtocolVersion;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
 
-// Taken from
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.ProtocolUtil.writeNamelessCompoundTag;
+import static xyz.jonesdev.sonar.common.utility.protocol.ProtocolUtil.writeString;
+
+// Mostly taken from
 // https://github.com/PaperMC/Velocity/blob/dev/3.0.0/proxy/src/main/java/com/velocitypowered/proxy/protocol/packet/chat/ComponentHolder.java
-@UtilityClass
-public class ComponentSerializer {
-  public static BinaryTag serialize(final JsonElement json) {
+public final class ComponentHolder {
+  private final String serializedComponent;
+  private BinaryTag cachedBinaryTag;
+
+  public ComponentHolder(final Component component) {
+    this.serializedComponent = GsonComponentSerializer.gson().serialize(component);
+  }
+
+  private BinaryTag serialize(final JsonElement json) {
     if (json instanceof JsonPrimitive) {
       final JsonPrimitive jsonPrimitive = (JsonPrimitive) json;
 
@@ -65,13 +76,13 @@ public class ComponentSerializer {
     } else if (json instanceof JsonObject) {
       final CompoundBinaryTag.Builder compound = CompoundBinaryTag.builder();
 
-      for (Map.Entry<String, JsonElement> property : ((JsonObject) json).entrySet()) {
+      for (final Map.Entry<String, JsonElement> property : ((JsonObject) json).entrySet()) {
         compound.put(property.getKey(), serialize(property.getValue()));
       }
 
       return compound.build();
     } else if (json instanceof JsonArray) {
-      final JsonArray jsonArray = (JsonArray) json;
+      final JsonArray jsonArray = json.getAsJsonArray();
 
       if (jsonArray.size() == 0) {
         return ListBinaryTag.empty();
@@ -91,7 +102,7 @@ public class ComponentSerializer {
         }
       }
 
-      switch (listType.id()) {
+      switch (Objects.requireNonNull(listType).id()) {
         case 1://BinaryTagTypes.BYTE:
           final byte[] bytes = new byte[jsonArray.size()];
           for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
@@ -123,8 +134,22 @@ public class ComponentSerializer {
           });
           break;
       }
+
       return ListBinaryTag.listBinaryTag(listType, tagItems);
     }
+
     return EndBinaryTag.endBinaryTag();
   }
+
+  public void write(final @NotNull ByteBuf byteBuf,
+                    final @NotNull ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) {
+    if (protocolVersion.compareTo(ProtocolVersion.MINECRAFT_1_20_3) >= 0) {
+      if (cachedBinaryTag == null) {
+        cachedBinaryTag = serialize(new JsonParser().parse(serializedComponent));
+      }
+      writeNamelessCompoundTag(byteBuf, cachedBinaryTag);
+    } else {
+      writeString(byteBuf, serializedComponent);
+    }
+  }
 }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/utility/geyser/GeyserUtil.java

@@ -39,6 +39,6 @@ public class GeyserUtil {
   public boolean isGeyserConnection(final @NotNull Channel channel,
                                     final @NotNull InetSocketAddress originalAddress) {
     return originalAddress.getPort() == 0 // check for floodgate on the server
-        || channel.attr(PLAYER_ATTRIBUTE).get() != null; // check for standalone Geyser proxy connection
+      || channel.attr(PLAYER_ATTRIBUTE).get() != null; // check for standalone Geyser proxy connection
   }
 }

sonar-common/src/main/java/xyz/jonesdev/sonar/common/utility/protocol/ProtocolUtil.java

@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ public class ProtocolUtil {
     }
   }
 
-  private static int readExtendedForgeShort(@NotNull final ByteBuf byteBuf) {
+  private static int readExtendedForgeShort(final @NotNull ByteBuf byteBuf) {
     int low = byteBuf.readUnsignedShort();
     int high = 0;
     if ((low & 0x8000) != 0) {