v8/include/cppgc/heap.h

// Copyright 2020 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#ifndef INCLUDE_CPPGC_HEAP_H_
#define INCLUDE_CPPGC_HEAP_H_

#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <memory>
#include <vector>

#include "cppgc/common.h"
#include "cppgc/custom-space.h"
#include "cppgc/platform.h"
#include "v8config.h"  // NOLINT(build/include_directory)

// TODO(540324230): Remove once embedders migrate to StackStartScope.
#if V8_CC_MSVC
#include <intrin.h>  // _AddressOfReturnAddress()
#endif

/**
 * cppgc - A C++ garbage collection library.
 */
namespace cppgc {

class AllocationHandle;
class HeapHandle;

/**
 * Implementation details of cppgc. Those details are considered internal and
 * may change at any point in time without notice. Users should never rely on
 * the contents of this namespace.
 */
namespace internal {
class Heap;
}  // namespace internal

/**
 * A marker that captures the current stack start address.
 * TODO(540324230): Remove once embedders migrate to StackStartScope.
 */
class V8_EXPORT StackStartMarker {
 public:
#if V8_CC_MSVC
  StackStartMarker() : stack_start_(_AddressOfReturnAddress()) {}
#else
  StackStartMarker() : stack_start_(__builtin_frame_address(0)) {}
#endif
  void* stack_start() const { return stack_start_; }

 private:
  void* stack_start_;
};

class V8_EXPORT Heap {
 public:
  /**
   * Specifies the stack state the embedder is in.
   */
  using StackState = EmbedderStackState;

  /**
   * Specifies whether conservative stack scanning is supported.
   */
  enum class StackSupport : uint8_t {
    /**
     * Conservative stack scan is supported.
     */
    kSupportsConservativeStackScan,
    /**
     * Conservative stack scan is not supported. Embedders may use this option
     * when using custom infrastructure that is unsupported by the library.
     */
    kNoConservativeStackScan,
  };

  /**
   * Specifies supported marking types.
   */
  enum class MarkingType : uint8_t {
    /**
     * Atomic stop-the-world marking. This option does not require any write
     * barriers but is the most intrusive in terms of jank.
     */
    kAtomic,
    /**
     * Incremental marking interleaves marking with the rest of the application
     * workload on the same thread.
     */
    kIncremental,
    /**
     * Incremental and concurrent marking.
     */
    kIncrementalAndConcurrent
  };

  /**
   * Specifies supported sweeping types.
   */
  enum class SweepingType : uint8_t {
    /**
     * Atomic stop-the-world sweeping. All of sweeping is performed at once.
     */
    kAtomic,
    /**
     * Incremental sweeping interleaves sweeping with the rest of the
     * application workload on the same thread.
     */
    kIncremental,
    /**
     * Incremental and concurrent sweeping. Sweeping is split and interleaved
     * with the rest of the application.
     */
    kIncrementalAndConcurrent
  };

  /**
   * Constraints for a Heap setup.
   */
  struct ResourceConstraints {
    /**
     * Allows the heap to grow to some initial size in bytes before triggering
     * garbage collections. This is useful when it is known that applications
     * need a certain minimum heap to run to avoid repeatedly invoking the
     * garbage collector when growing the heap.
     */
    size_t initial_heap_size_bytes = 0;
  };

  /**
   * Options specifying Heap properties (e.g. custom spaces) when initializing a
   * heap through `Heap::Create()`.
   */
  struct HeapOptions {
    /**
     * Creates reasonable defaults for instantiating a Heap.
     *
     * \returns the HeapOptions that can be passed to `Heap::Create()`.
     */
    static HeapOptions Default() { return {}; }

    /**
     * Custom spaces added to heap are required to have indices forming a
     * numbered sequence starting at 0, i.e., their `kSpaceIndex` must
     * correspond to the index they reside in the vector.
     */
    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<CustomSpaceBase>> custom_spaces;

    /**
     * Specifies whether conservative stack scan is supported. When conservative
     * stack scan is not supported, the collector may try to invoke
     * garbage collections using non-nestable task, which are guaranteed to have
     * no interesting stack, through the provided Platform. If such tasks are
     * not supported by the Platform, the embedder must take care of invoking
     * the GC through `ForceGarbageCollectionSlow()`.
     */
    StackSupport stack_support = StackSupport::kSupportsConservativeStackScan;

    /**
     * Specifies which types of marking are supported by the heap.
     */
    MarkingType marking_support = MarkingType::kIncrementalAndConcurrent;

    /**
     * Specifies which types of sweeping are supported by the heap.
     */
    SweepingType sweeping_support = SweepingType::kIncrementalAndConcurrent;

    /**
     * Resource constraints specifying various properties that the internal
     * GC scheduler follows.
     */
    ResourceConstraints resource_constraints;

    /**
     * Optional marker representing the stack start of the thread creating the
     * heap.
     */
    std::optional<StackStartMarker> stack_start_marker = std::nullopt;

    /**
     * Optional allocation sampler.
     */
    AllocationSampler* allocation_sampler = nullptr;
  };
  /**
   * Creates a new heap that can be used for object allocation.
   *
   * \param platform implemented and provided by the embedder.
   * \param options HeapOptions specifying various properties for the Heap.
   * \returns a new Heap instance.
   */
  static std::unique_ptr<Heap> Create(
      std::shared_ptr<Platform> platform,
      HeapOptions options = HeapOptions::Default());

  virtual ~Heap() = default;

  /**
   * Forces garbage collection.
   *
   * \param source String specifying the source (or caller) triggering a
   *   forced garbage collection.
   * \param reason String specifying the reason for the forced garbage
   *   collection.
   * \param stack_state The embedder stack state, see StackState.
   */
  void ForceGarbageCollectionSlow(
      const char* source, const char* reason,
      StackState stack_state = StackState::kMayContainHeapPointers);

  /**
   * \returns the opaque handle for allocating objects using
   * `MakeGarbageCollected()`.
   */
  AllocationHandle& GetAllocationHandle();

  /**
   * \returns the opaque heap handle which may be used to refer to this heap in
   *   other APIs. Valid as long as the underlying `Heap` is alive.
   */
  HeapHandle& GetHeapHandle();

 private:
  Heap() = default;

  friend class internal::Heap;
};

}  // namespace cppgc

#endif  // INCLUDE_CPPGC_HEAP_H_