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Jia Hu 07f6bec52f Merged PR 1523428: [schema validation] apply to stage $merge/$out
### Does this PR have any customer impact?

### Type (Feature, Refactoring, Bugfix, DevOps, Testing, Perf, etc)

### Does it involve schema level changes? (Table, Column, Index, UDF, etc level changes)

### Are you introducing any new config? If yes, do you have tests with and without them being set?

### Release Note (Refer [Template](../docs/release_notes/pgmongo_template.md))

### Description

[schema validation] apply to stage $merge/$out

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#### AI description  (iteration 1)
#### PR Classification
New feature

#### PR Summary
This pull request introduces schema validation for the `$merge` and `$out` stages in MongoDB aggregation pipelines.
- Added `schema_validation_merge.md` to document the design and implementation details.
- Created new SQL functions in `bson_merge_functions--1.24-0.sql` to handle schema validation during the `$merge` stage.
- Updated `bson_aggregation_output_pipeline.c` to integrate schema validation logic into the `$merge` and `$out` stages.
- Modified `toc.yml` to include the new schema validation documentation.
- Updated `pgmongo--1.23-0--1.24-0.sql` and `pg_helio_api--1.23-0--1.24-0.sql` to include the new SQL functions.
2025-03-18 21:57:32 -07:00
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